Discussion The third experiment of the semester involves identifying an unknown component of Panacetin, a common pain relief medication, separated and precipitated in the previous experiment. Although Panacetin’s label reports this third ingredient as Tylenol, there is controversy over the true classification of the third substance. This Panacetin label also reports that the unknown constituent makes up 50% of the composition of Panacetin, compared to aspirin’s 40% composition and sucrose’s 10% composition, meaning that it is currently unknown what half of the drug people ingest is identified as. Research results have failed to repeatedly show that the third component of Panacetin is Tylenol, which leads to the hypothesis that this unknown …show more content…
Prior to beginning the experiment, it is important to understand a few different concepts such as the distinguishing physical properties of a chemical substance and how these physical properties can be analyzed. Physical properties of a chemical substance include water solubility and melting point, both of which are used to pursue identification of the unknown component of Panacetin. Water solubility is a distinct physical feature of chemical substances that can lead to an increase or decrease in product recovered. For example, the water solubility of the two possible unknowns, acetanilide or phenacetin, are different in opposite temperature spectrums. Acetanilide’s cold water solubility is 0.54 grams/100 mL of water, whereas the substance’s boiling water solubility is 5.0 grams/100 mL of water. Phenacetin’s cold water solubility is 0.076 grams/100 mL of water, whereas its boiling water solubility is 1.22 grams/100 mL of water. In this experiment, water solubility will be an indicator for how much boiling water to use in recrystallization, which purifies the unknown precipitate produced in the second lab. If a substance has higher water solubility in boiling water, such as acetanilide compared …show more content…
I would have liked to do one more trial on each mixture for melting point analysis to confirm that my results were consistent. Furthermore, I would go back and repeat the second experiment to avoid adding HCl to the organic layer in order to separate an accurate weight of the unknown solid and ensure that the purity of the unknown is unaffected by an accidental HCl addition. I am unsure if my results are truly accurate due to the HCl addition and other errors, which means that the experiment would need to be repeated multiple times in order to report a consistent result. In conclusion, this experiment covered the techniques of recrystallization and melting point analysis, both of which are based on understanding physical properties such as water solubility and melting point. I identified my unknown component as acetanilide based on the melting point ranges recorded during melting point analysis. The most important thing to remember is that acetanilide possibly replaced Tylenol as a component in Panacetin. It is necessary to continue to work to uncover the true components of Panacetin because it has remained to be a common pain relief medication in the drug
The goal of this experiment was to find out active chemical components in Anacin and Tylenol, using Thin Layer Chromatography technique. This technique uses the difference in the intermolecular forcer and polarity to separate mixtures. Comparing Rf values were then used to determine the active chemical components in the two analgesics. The overall result was that Acetaminophen exists in Tylenol and Acetylsalicylic Acid exists in Anacin.
Aspirin, Caffeine and Salicylamide were extracted from an over-the-counter pain reliever (BC Powder). These components were separated by manipulating their solubilities by adjusting the acidity and basicity of the solution. By doing this, the three components were forced into conjugate acid (or base) forms, causing selective solubility in either an aqueous or organic solvent. These layers were then separated by use of a separation funnel. Once separated, the components extracted were characterized by measuring the melting point and performing a TLC analysis. Also, the recovered aspirin from the first part of the experiment was recrystallized and compared to that of the
Separation and Purification of the Components of an Analgesic Tablet. Cora Bruno, Lab Section E. Aspirin, Caffeine and Acetaminophen were separated from four analgesic tablets of Excedrin using extraction techniques. 5% wt/vol NaHCO3, 4M HCL, ethyl acetate and deionized water were used to separate the three active components. MgSO4 was used to dry each extraction. Aspirin was isolated using a hot water bath and weighed to determine the percent theoretical recovery and the actual percent recovery of aspirin. After separation, Aspirin (ASA), Caffeine (CAF), and Acetaminophen (ACE) were purified and identified using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Standards and purified ASA, CAF, and ACE were spotted on the silica gel (stationary phase) of the
Panacetin is an analgesic (pain reducing) and antipyretic (fever reducing) drug that is sold in drug stores. However, there is a suspicion that this bottle may be counterfeit, not containing the chemicals that it should. Panacetin should be made up of about 50 percent of the unknown component that we previously separated out of Panacetin for testing. We suspect that this unknown compound is either acetanilide or phenacetin, both of which can be toxic to humans. It is very important that this component is
In determining the melting point range of the aspirin, a capillary tube (sealed at one end) was one-third-filled with the dried aspirin. The capillary tube and a thermometer were immersed in an oil bath. The temperature at which the solid started to melt and the temperature when the entire sample was completely liquefied were recorded as the melting point temperature range.
The purpose of this lab is to investigate the composition of a compound suspected to be Panacetin, a type of pain-killer. Panacetin is typically made up of sucrose, aspirin, and acetaminophen, but the third component in this experiment is unknown. The unknown component is suspected to be a chemical relative of acetaminophen, either acetanilide or phenacetin. Using techniques such as extraction, evaporation, and filtration, the three components will be isolated based on their solubilities and acid-base properties. Then, the percent composition of Panacetin can be deduced based on the masses of the three dried components. The
Of the three components likely to be present in your sample of Panacetin (aspirin, acetanilide, and starch), only starch is insoluble in the organic solvent dichloromethane (or methylene chloride), CH2 Cl2. If a sample of Panacetin is dissolved as completely as possible in dichloromethane, the insoluble starch can be filtered out, leaving acetanilide and aspirin in solution. The purpose of this experiment is to extract the components of Panacetin.
Pre-Lab: Analgesic drugs are known for reducing pain, while antiseptic drugs reduce symptoms such as fevers and swelling. However, some of these drugs can reduce both illnesses. To obtain a pure compound in these drugs, the scientist needs to separate the desired compound by taking advantage of the different physical and chemical properties. Such as; different boiling points, melting points and their solubility properties. To do this a chemist can also asses the differences between acidic and basic substances when they are added to water soluble mixtures. Within this current experiment I will asses the
The purpose of lab 1 was to purify the vanillin (individually) as well as an unknown (with a partner). By recrystallizing both compounds, students were able to determine the percent recovery of each solid and get one step closer to determining our unknown compound. For lab 2, the purpose was to determine the percent recovery both solids (vanillin and the unknown) as well as determining the melting point ranges. By determining the melting point ranges, we would be able to identify our unknown.
The antacid tablets were not crushed properly, resulting in big crumbs of the tablet which will affect the dissolving process of the lab.
NOTE: Dissolution rating is a number out of 10 that numerically describes the degree to which the Panadol has dissolved at a particular time interval.
Discussion: As seen in the melting point determination, the average melting point range of the product was 172.2-185.3ºC. The melting points of the possible products are listed as 101ºC for o-methoxybenzoic acid, 110ºC for m- methoxybenzoic acid, and 185ºC for p- methoxybenzoic acid. As the melting point of the sample
The TLC (Thin-Layer Chromatography) will be used to determine the composition of various over-the-counter analgesic drugs. By doing so, the identities of actual trade names of the unknown analgesics can be found, almost mimicking the other procedures done in this laboratory with a similar outcome: finding the unknown’s identity through comparing and analyzing. Experimental First off, an amount of at least 12 capillary micropipettes was needed in this experiment to spot the plates. ,To create capillary micropipettes, the capillary tubing was heated at its midpoint with a bunsen burner, rotated until the tube’s middle became soft.
An ice bath was prepared in a large beaker and a small cotton ball was obtained. 0.5 g of acetanilide, 0.9 g of NaBr, 3mL of ethanol and 2.5 mL acetic acid was measured and gathered into 50mL beakers. In a fume hood, the measured amounts of acetanilide, NaBr, ethanol and acetic acid were mixed in a 25mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar. The flask was plugged with the cotton ball and placed in an ice bath on top of a stir plate. The stir feature was turned on a medium speed. 7mL of bleach was obtained and was slowly added to the stirring flask in the ice bath. Once all the bleach was added, stirring continued for another 2 minutes and then the flask was removed from the ice bath and left to warm up to room temperature. 0.8mL of saturated sodium thiosulfate solution and 0.5mL of NaOH solution were collected in small beakers. The two solutions were added to the flask at room temperature. The flask was gently stirred. Vacuum filtration was used to remove the crude product. The product was weighed and a melting point was taken. The crude product was placed into a clean 25mL Erlenmeyer flask. A large beaker with 50/50 ethanol/water
If the solute melts prior to the boiling of the solvent, recrystallization will not be able to occur. For example, if you wanted to purify a sample of Compound X which is contaminated by a small amount of Compound Y, an appropriate solvent would be one in which all of Compound Y dissolved at room temperature because the impurities will stay in solution and pass through filter paper, leaving only pure crystals behind. Also appropriate would be a solvent in which the impurities are insoluble at a high temperature because they will remain solid in the boiling solvent and can then be filtered out. Finally, the solvent should be volatile enough as to evaporate from the surface of the compound and be of low financial cost.