The process of translating literary prose is very complex and might provide some challenges or even traps for the translator. For the very beginning, the translator should consider three main objectives: intention, effect target and audience. Even a very qualified translator may sometimes mistranslate the information, subinterpret the original text, or he can make a superficial interpretation, but one question arises: does he have the right to do it?
The two problems encountered in any translation of a text are faithfulness or fidelity and transparency. One provides an accurate translation of the original text, without adding to it or subtracting from it, and the other is concerned with maintaining the grammatical, syntactic and idiomatic
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This represents a problem because keeping the mood of the material is a key point a translator should reach. What is “stream of consciousness” and why it brings difficulties in the process of translating? It is a narrative device that reflects the character’s thought processes. It is usually regarded by the critics as a special form of interior monologue. It’s main characteristics are associative leaps in thought and lack of punctuation.
The tone of the narrative should be kept, and in this case, this does not represent necessarily a problem because it is a conversational tone (for example: “so he said”). But, there seems to be some irony in the text. Much more, we can even talk about skepticism because the line between subjectivism and skepticism in this text is hazy and the author seems to go chaotically from one to another. The most obvious example of skepticism in “The Mark on the Wall” follows the tirade about the Colonel gathering evidence that ends “proving I don't know
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The first one consists in crosswords (“white powdered curls, powder-dusted cheeks”).
The second deals with the omission of some elements (“That is the sort of people they were–very interesting people”), in this case, the omission of the noun “people”, thus, in the case of repetitions there should not exist any kind of omission because they have a stylistic function. For example, the repetition in “an old picture for an old room” highlights the simplicity of their view.
The last problem is both lexical and cultural because the translator should take into consideration the cultural and historical background of some proper nouns. They reflect difficulties because they involve cultural knowledge and each language might describe the world in a different way. The examples used in Virginia Woolf’s text are of two types: Terms that should be translated and that have an equivalent in the target language: Queen Anne, Charles the First, Whitaker's Table of Precedency; and terms that should not be translated, for example the geographical city from London:
It is something everyone does, continuously, in everything we do; a running dialogue of thoughts always occupying our minds, perceptible to only us. In everyday life, this common train of thoughts is never scrutinized or examined, but in literature, it is something referred to as stream of consciousness and it is what will be surveyed in this essay. The two stories being observed are Katherine Porter’s “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall”, a short story about an 80-year-old woman’s thoughts and memories as she lives out her last day. The second story is James Joyce’s “Araby”, the fictional story of a young boy in Dublin and his infatuation with a girl in his neighborhood. This essay will examine stream of consciousness vital role in these
Throughout my collaboration with the organization, I worked on producing an improved English translation of their official website. This has been the longest document I have ever worked on, totaling 31 pages and just over nine thousand words. While working on such a long document, I have noticed various important technical aspects about the process. I have learned that it can be difficult to maintain the consistency of terminology throughout the document, and that it is a good idea to go back through after completing all of the text and revise with an eye for consistency. I also learned that it is very important to revise in general, and to step back and take a break before doing so; when working in two languages at once, it is very easy to get caught up in the details of one or the other. There were many occasions when I was reading over what I had written earlier and I realized that sentence was obviously written in Spanish syntax even though it had English words. Finally, I learned that, even though translation is an individual process, it can be extremely helpful to collaborate with others and ask for a second opinion in order to produce the best possible
Given what you have read thus far what translation are you inclined to use as your primary ‘reading’ text?
There have been various analysis based on these three stories and the characters involved: “The Yellow Wallpaper,” “The Birthmark,” and “The Goose Girl”. This paper will focus on analysis based on figurative languages used either consciously or unconsciously, the passivity of the characters, motivations, role performed in the story, and the agendas used by the various authors. The point of this analysis is to show how various authors have used short stories to give the world a diverse message that can be spun in many different directions. “The Yellow Wallpaper” is a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman who specialized in poetry, short stories and social reform. Jane in “The Yellow Wallpaper” is a passive character that shows
First, it should be mentioned that the author divided the text into subtitles that guide a reader through reading. The fact that the author analyzes
The author tries to convey this message mainly through writing this piece in first person while using the literary style of stream of consciousness. Periodically throughout the piece, the author shows his
Charlotte Perkins Stetson’s short story, “The Yellow Wallpaper” is about a woman who progressed to insanity due to how she was treated. Her passion was withheld from her. The story of “The Yellow Wallpaper” is based on the author’s purpose. The author’s purpose is the reason an author writes about a specific topic. Stetson wanted to convey to her readers what happens to an individual when one’s purpose or passion are being withheld. Even the environment within the setting proved to be a factor in achieving the desired results, and the evolution of the main character throughout the story.
There is not unanimity among Beowulf translators concerning all parts of the text, but there is little divergence from a single, uniform translation of the poem. Herein are discussed some passages which translators might show disagreement about because of the lack of clarity or missing fragments of text or abundance of synonyms or ambiguous referents.
Some linguists claim that dealing with the process of finding equivalence is the most significant issue existing among translation processes and that is one of the mains principles of Western theory of translation. Translation is a mean of communication and in order for it to be effective it is crucial to establish appropriate equivalence between source and target text. Nida defines translation as “reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style”. (Nida, 1982, p. 12) It is conspicuous that equivalence is one of basic concepts of translation which cannot be overlooked. This complex phenomenon often becomes a measure which helps to define the process of translation. Number of researches stress on the important role of the equivalence for the translation process and it is hard to hard to overestimate the role of equivalence in translation. Use of equivalence translation help people to understand each other and enables achieving communication goals. Achieving maximum linguistic, grammar and structural equivalence is inevitably linked with certain restrictions and limitations but the skilful use of equivalents can undoubtedly benefit the results of translation act. Despite different approaches, the equivalence is an important
The term ‘stream of consciousness’ as applied in literary criticism to designate a particular mode of prose narrative was first coined by philosopher William James in his book Principles of Psychology (1890) to describe the uninterrupted flow of perceptions, memories and thoughts in active human psyche. As a literary term, however, it denotes a certain narrative technique used in novels in which the narrator records in minute but somewhat abstract way whatever passes through his or her conscious mind. The socalled ‘stream of consciousness’ in a work of
Under the influence of “cultural turn”that greatly expands the width and breadth of translation studies, translators and scholars have gradually realized that translation, literary translation in particular, is a sort of “creative treason”: creative in the sense that the translator must make subjective efforts to
1.It is significant that Woolf’s essay is partly fictional, for it shows her greater knowledge of her writing, as she was a woman herself writing fiction. She does not write completely in non-fictional mode, as to not stay biased to her views and experiences, yet to allow the readers to have an open imagination on where the events that had happened at “Oxbridge” could also take place.
There are two critical elements you must know when translation a document and they cannot be stated too many times:
In this essay I will discuss and comment on Mona Baker’s statement through Skopos theory, one of the most well-known translation theories, and its applications in deferent text types and genera. ( relationship between theory and practice) find out how the translator’s theoretical knowledge is needed in translation field.
Daniel Gouadec (2002: 273) said in Translation as a Profession that "most translation problems and potential risks could be resolved by getting as much information as possible prior to a translation project". As to the translation project in this report, I made preparation in the following aspects: