Women and the symptoms they experience before having an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has had varying and unpredictable symptoms for decades. Women experience a range of symptoms compared to men who usually report classic symptoms such as chest pain. Though we know most of the symptoms men have preceding an AMI, symptoms experienced by women have not been explored as thoroughly. AMI symptoms have been difficult to identify in women, which has contributed to their misdiagnosis’ and uncertainties about whether to report their symptoms to their physicians. This research article concluded that while there may be uncertainties about whether or not prodromal symptoms lead to future events of AMIs, it has been determined that most women experience similar prodromal symptoms before an AMI. The researchers suggest that prospective longitudinal research studies be conducted to assert the link between prodromal symptoms and future AMIs. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious issue among women, as it is the number one cause of death of women in the United States of American. Sadly, even though these statistics exist, an insufficient amount of studies has been conducted to determine if women have similar prodromal symptoms that lead to AMIs. The problem is significant; diagnosing CHD has been difficult due to scarce data collection. The review of literature supports the identified problem, because in previous studies, there has not been data collected that has directly linked
Heart attack is one of the most common heart diseases that you need to be concern about. It will strike at the moment you least expect it. though some people have silent myocardial infarction (heart attack without any symptoms), there are still cases where symptoms appear. Once symptoms began to appear, seek help immediately and do not delay. Remember, immediate treatment for a heart attack is very important to reduce the damage to your heart.
The risk for women developing heart disease involves contributing factors that can be associated with age, weight, and diet. After menopause women are more likely to develop heart conditions that
Currently, Heart disease is the leading cause of death among women in the United States (Haskell et al., 2014). In the 2016 Update of the Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics report from the American Heart Association, women, in general, have a 32% prevalence rate for LDL issues vs. 31% for men. Likewise, in older women vs older men, the prevalence for hypertension rates for women were 57% vs. 54% in men (Mozaffarian et al., 2016). Within the VA, there is an even bigger gap for management of LDL’s and heart disease. 79.47% of women vs. 88.89% of men have LDL levels within the normal limits. Similarly, 79.34% of women vs. 85.67% of men with diabetes had an LDL within normal limits (Whitehead et al., 2014). Both high LDL and hypertension are proven risk factors for heart disease and stroke. When paired with diabetes, risk of peripheral artery disease, heart failure, and irregular heartbeat can also be factors (Mozaffarian et al., 2016).
In addition, the researchers conducted a chart review of each participant 's medical record. In this study the results showed that “compared with men, women used more evasive and supportive coping and rated psychologic aspects of the heart disease as more problematic to manage. More women perceived available support from friends and grandchildren, and more men perceived available support from their partner. Women rated lower levels in physical and psychologic dimensions of quality of life” (Kristofferzon et al., 2005, p. 39).
Over the past few years, heart disease has been the number one killer in women
In recent times, women have been increasingly more prone to heart related diseases. Even with campaigns that are run across internationally, there is a lack of realization by many people that the leading causes of deaths in women today are heart diseases. Often women are misdiagnosed by the healthcare providers and their symptoms are not recognized when they are having an acute cardiac arrest. According to statistics, every 30 seconds in the United States of America, a woman suffers from a heart attack (Health, 2013). Out of many types of heart diseases, the myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in women.
The article is reliable because Clever interviewed a St. Louis doctor, Dr. Ted E. Garrett, who is a cardiothoracic surgeon and knowledgeable on the topic of heart disease. Women and heart disease is a current topic because heart disease is the number one killer among women and it has been taken more seriously when women come into the hospital with symptoms than in the past. Many facts and statistics are used in the document, which appears to be accurate since this is a reliable source and information given from a cardiothoracic surgeon. The news article is researched based written by a news reporter who interviewed a well qualified doctor. The overall goal of the newspaper article is to inform those who think heart disease is a man’s disease and also teach the public more about heart
The target population includes men and women greater than age 18. Although heart related issues such as cardiovascular disease and CHF most commonly affect persons greater than 65 and estimated 1% of the population can be stricken with disease as early as age 18. Often times drugs may be a factor as well as genetics (Heart, 2013). It is imperative all persons presenting to the ER with chest pain or other heart related issues be cleared for any possible life threating cardiac events.
Heart disease claims the lives of more women than men each year, yet women only make up 25% of participants in heart-related research studies. While this is improving, women remain under-represented in many studies that have set the standard for detection and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Even though valuable information about heart disease has been gathered, the model of detecting cardiovascular disease has been based on and designed for men. Not all the data have been applicable to women so this is hard to narrow down (Women's Heart Center, 2017) (Disparities in Health Heart Disease in African American Women, 2017).
Schneider reviews American Heart Association spokeswomen, Nieca Goldberg. Goldberg warns that heart disease is the greatest threat among women. She stresses that women must be proactive in their own health, because many physicians don’t recognize women’s heart disease is different than men. The main point is that Schneider highlights what Goldberg emphasizes in her article; women should recognize heart disease symptoms. Goldberg suggests women should use the Mediterranean diet, moderate exercise, and stress management. The article mainly focuses on prevention and warning signs. Schneider highly recommended Goldberg’s writing.
One of the problems for women who have heart attacks is that it is believed that women usually ignore the fact that they are having a heart attack which delays them to seek care. A complication bigger than that is that women do not really ignore the fact they are having a heart attack, they just do not realize they are having one. Although they may think it, women are not at fault for not seeking care right away when their body goes awry, the health care system is. Women in America are not aware that there is a gender-bias in health research and they do not know that the research that is published does not apply to them. Luckily, there are already people who are alert about the problem and try their hardest to garner women’s attention to inform them. Over the past couple of years organizations have dedicated there time and money to bring awareness to misinformed women that there are major flaws in the health care
Greeting: Hello Everyone, My name is Shelly Kutschenko and I’m here to talk about Heart disease in women
Chest pain is a very common symptom, and around 20% to 40% of the general population will experience chest pain in their lives(149). In the UK, up to 2 % of visits to a general practitioner are due to new onset chest pain (150). Approximately 5% of visits to the emergency department are due to a complaint of chest pain, and up to 40% of emergency hospital admissions are the result of chest pain(149, 151). Approximately 52,000 new cases of angina per year are diagnosed in men and 43,000 in women. The incidence of angina increases with age(123).
The topic I will explore is heart disease in women. The question, what do healthcare providers need to know about cardiovascular disease in women and how their symptoms and presentation differ from men will be discussed. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in women and men in the Western world. Nearly 1 million cardiovascular related deaths a year are women. Many women’s risk factors go unrecognized and untreated by their primary care physician (Pregler et al., 2009). According to FamilyDoctor.org, “American women are 4 to 6 times more likely to die of heart disease that of breast cancer” (2009). In generally men have an earlier onset of heart disease than to women but have a higher survival rate from heart
As the population ages heart failure is expected to increase exceptionally. About twenty-two percent of men and forty-four percent of women will develop heart failure within six years of having a heart attack. “Thirty years ago patients would have died from their heart attacks!” (Couzens)