Literature Review The position analysis questionnaire is the most widely applied job analysis instrument, adapting a worker-oriented approach to gathering and analyzing job information. The purpose of the PAQ is to identify general job characteristics, and is primarily employed by human resource and personnel functions of organizations (Aamodt, 2012). The PAQ is not used by human resource functions for operational purposes, such as wok design or training programs, due to its generalized perspective on job analysis. However, the prime applications of PAQ extend towards recruitment and selection, job grading, and career development. As organizations engage with vast amounts of applicants for job openings or position replacements, the PAQ allows capturing of the candidate’s job skill level and job characteristics (Schuler, Farr and Smith, 2013). This information allows matching of required elements with the employment opportunity, and so validly predicts to some extent the suitability of applicants. The PAQ is also used for job grading purposes, referring to the practice of undertaking comparisons between applicant and employees (Noyes, 2001). Thus, PAQ results can aid in setting standards, useful in benchmarking the skills and knowledge of candidates. PAQ’s application to career development purposes entails the analyzing of job characteristics to evaluate future potential and relatedness to senior level positions (Guion and Highhouse, 2006). As PAQ is designed to generalize
This checklist may be distributed to all employees completing the job tasks being evaluated. PAQ is a job analysis instrument, by using this questionnaire, we can measure job characteristics and relate them to human characteristics as mental processing which measures analytical skills, relationship with others that measures the required level of communication skills. In addition, PAQ questionnaire measures job context which is the factors controlled by the organization and the individual has no control over it. For example, work condition, policies that could affect employee’s satisfaction. Finally, this questionnaire measures work output, which measures the productivity of the employees and the ways to increase
Organizations are growing in size each and every day, which in turn creates a high demand for employees. This outcome, however, needs a systematic approach to determine the right employee for the right position. The process has become so large that organizations need specialized help from Human Resource Management (HRM) departments to ensure that the requirements of the position are met. Therefore, the HRM department provides the function of job analysis in order to select the right individual for the position. "Job analysis is a complex and vital part of every HRM program, as well as an important systematic process used within an organization to determine future members of the workforce." Job analysis
The next step in the recruitment process would be to derive a job description. An initial step to this is to conduct a job analysis. A job analysis is used for collecting and summarizing information according to established guidelines. The information obtained also sets standards and performance expectations for employees assigned to these positions. Several different procedures or sources can be used in this process. Included in these are interviews, observations of the actual job, questionnaires, supervisory input, published literature, and the use of experts.
3. Job analysis is the next step to consider the skills necessary for employees by job functions. To achieve the job analysis process one must consider the skills necessary for employees’ separated by job title or function. Employees can understand what the vital aspects of their jobs are by analyzing the entire job function and process. This process should include an explanation of primary job functions, how to produce them, and who is responsible for all parts, and the qualifications needed for all steps. Defining the key duties of each job function will benchmark all key elements to determine a systematic process. By identifying each job title or job function will allow management and staff to outline performance standards more
This assessment is evaluated and analyzed by trained professionals so the room for error is very limited. These professionals analyze the job requirements, test results and advise whether the applicant will be an acceptable candidate for the job opening. They will help find the appropriate fit for the job, department, and
Job analyses are important because they describe the differences and similarities of a job position. They help to create the job description of a position so that a person who wants to apply for that position will know what the “job duties, tasks and responsibilities” (Milkovich, Newman, & Gerhart, 2014) of the job will be and what they will be doing if hired in to that position. Job analysis also give job specifications of the “knowledge, skills and abilities” (Milkovich,
Job analysis is essential as successful recruitment process relies on the effectiveness of this analysis in human resource management process (Caruth et al 2009:96-9). Job analysis collects relevant information pertaining the vacant customer services manager position, and is normally prepared by the HR manager. Job analysis can be structured into two, which is job description and job/person specification. Job description is then designed from the information gathered from Job analysis. Job description highlights the overall details and duties of the customer services manager position whilst job specification on the other hand assesses the qualities and skills required based on the criteria of the customer services manager position. Job description’s main focuses include the job title, responsibilities, remuneration and working hours, while job specification’s main focuses include qualifications, experiences, skills, and other accomplishments gained such as from trainings. The whole purpose of job analysis is to implement changes in the position structure to match certain requirements of the vacant customer services position. Job descriptions should be examined from time to time, as reflecting on an existing job description may be misleading as the customer services manager position may have changed over the years since the current customer services manager is nearing retirement, hence the necessary changes needs to
Assessment of the content validity of various proposed selection techniques by determining how well they match the general requirements of the job
Job design and analysis is the cornerstone of the Qantas HRM. Job analysis can be viewed as the hub of all human resource management activities that are needed for effective organizational functioning (Berman et al, 2009). Under job analysis, the HRM is responsible for planning, recruitment, selection, placement, and induction of workers (Berman et al, 2009). The procedures that are often supported by job analysis process include personnel selection, training, job evaluation as well as performance appraisal (Berman et al, 2009). In addition, the process of job analysis supports the Qantas organizational strategy in dealing with market competition and talent crisis. According to human resource theory, strategic HRM focuses on connecting all HR functions with organizational goals (Rothwell and Benscoter, 2012).
While analyzing the job vacancy a position analysis questionnaire will also be used. A position analysis questionnaire will help dealing with the task requirements of the job and also job stressors. In order to accomplish this I would use a four point Liken type scale with 4 meaning agree, 3 somewhat agree, 2 does not apply, and 1 for disagree. The questionnaire would contain 25 items. There would be ten on job overload and job control. Then 15 items from the brief job stress questionnaire (BJSQ) on evaluate job stress. In order to achieve the question used I would evaluate other employees with there consent and ask for supervisors input as well.
Job analysis is regularly employed in most work settings to forecast performance outcomes. A job analysis is a process of getting detailed information about jobs (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2014). Personnel are the most valued part of the organization, so these individuals help the organization in reaching the desired goals. There are three elements of job analysis: job description, job specification, and job context. According to the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (n.d.), job analysis data is used to:
The goal of selection programs are to capitalize on individual differences in order to select the applicants who possess the greatest amount of particular characteristics that have been assess to be the most important for job success (Cascio & Aquinis, 2011). This goal can be met by utilizing a classical approach to personnel selection. The classical approach to personnel selection starts with the job analysis. From the job analysis sensitive, relevant and reliable criteria are selected on a basis of importance to describe the job specifications that represent knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) that potential applicants are desired to have for the job (Cascio & Aquinis, 2011).
Having been just promoted it is now one of my new responsibilities to devise a plan to hire my replacement. It is important that I take the steps necessary to conduct a thorough job analysis so that a job description can be constructed as a guide prior to hiring anyone. Having a job description will also “clarify expectations for the prospective employee as well as providing reference points for training and development to take place once an individual is hired for the position” (Chapman,1995-2009,P.1). Even though job analysis may take more time and money, in the long run it is a necessary step to take in the hiring process. When filling positions within a company or organization conducting a job analysis is necessary,
Job placement – working with employers to match individuals with the right job for their interest and skill level,
There are three basic methods of job evaluation: (1) ranking, (2) classification, (3) factor comparison. While many variations of these methods exist in practice, the three basic approaches are described here.