Sexual violence is ΄any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed, against a person’s sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work’ (WHO, 2002:149).
Sexual violence is a worldwide phenomenon. Available data shows that one in four women may experience a form of sexual violence by a partner and one-third of teenage girl report that their first sexual experience was by force (WHO, 2002:149). Sexual assault not only causes a physical injury but also is associated with mental health trauma. The mental trauma caused by the sexual assault can be as serious as the physical trauma (WHO, 2002:149). Suicide, HIV infection and, murder (during the attack or later as a murder of honor) are some of the results from the sexual violence (WHO,2002:149). Also, the sexual assault can change the social image of the victim because of the stigmatization and be on the sidelines (WHO,2002:149).
According to Walby et. al, (2015:11) rape is a form of gender-based violence against woman. Rape can have long-lasting consequences, that’s why rape is one of the most serious gender-based violence against woman. Rape can have several different definitions depending on national or international context (Walby et.al., 2015:11). Moreover, definitions of rape vary when the offense takes place in a conflict zone (Walby et.al.,
Sexual abuse - refers to any action that pressures someone to do something sexually they don't want to do this can range from for-play to actually sexual contact.
Sexual assault is sexual intercourse, or any sexual act, done without consent. It is often violent where victims are being physically forced to engage in the act against their will. It may involve a stranger or someone familiar. All forms of sexual assault are crimes, even if the parties involved were drinking, taking drugs, given drugs, or unconscious. Hundreds of Americans are affected by sexual violence everyday. Although there is a lot more attention being given to this topic than there was previously, many people still do not believe that it is a big deal. I see a lot of jokes about rape and sexual violence, and viewers find them to be epigrammatic. Also, men make claims like “asking for permission is a sign of weakness” or “forcing yourself on women makes them love you” as an excuse
Victims of sexual assault suffer from a wide variety of mental and emotional issues throughout their lives as a result of the experience. Results can range from depression, anger, feelings of loneliness, and difficulty when trying to formulate relationships of trust (Hyde 45). Victims experience a wide variety of psychological issues as a result of sexual crimes, which they will have to carry with them throughout their entire lives. Also, “Psychological problems can start later in life with changes in behavior- vague fears, feeling unprotected and helpless, nightmares, bedwetting, sleeping problems, fear to loss parents approval/love, need to please others, poor self esteem, anger, depression, withdrawal from activities, daydreaming, difficulty concentrating, behavior problems” (Hyde 47).
Sexual Abuse is direct or indirect involvement in sexual activities without consent. As well as being physically forced into sexual activity without consent.
Sexual abuse usually refers to any sexual activity that is unwanted and is inflicted by physical force or other methods of coercion such as threats or intimidation.
Sexual abuse – knowingly causing someone to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat
Sexual Assault described in technical terms is defined as any sort of sexual activity between two or more people in which one of the people involved is involved against his or her will. (3) The description of "against his or her will" extends to varying degrees of aggression, ranging from indirect pressure to a direct physical attack. While sexual assaults are associated with the crime of rape, it may cover assaults which would not be considered rape. What constitutes a sexual assault is determined by the laws of the jurisdiction where the assault takes place, which vary considerably, and are influenced by local social and cultural attitudes. Every year, an estimated 300,000 women are raped and 3.7 million are confronted with unwanted
The definition of sexual assault, per the American Psychological Association, is “unwanted sexual activity, with perpetrators using force, making threats or taking advantage of victims not able to give consent.” (Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2016) Sexual assault is used as an attempt to gain power over victims, instead of sexual gratification. Sexual Assault can and has happened in many different types of
I choose this topic because sexual assault is one of the most offensive crimes committed in our society. Not only is it a threat to the community, but it has a physically and psychologically effect on the victim in many ways. For the last couple of decades, sexual assault, rape, and child molestation has become the focal point of public concerns today. According to a 1993 National Crime Victimization Survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice, about 500,000 rapes or sexual assaults occur each year (Statistics, March 2010). The Department of Justice states that, “rape crimes have risen nearly three times as fast as the total crime rate”, although other studies have shown statistics that are in
In a society where rape culture is normal, and people are taught from a young age not to go out on their own at night and to be cautious of the people around them rather than being taught not to rape or to oversexualize and objectify normal body parts, rape is a commonly trending news topic. A new common stressor has been added to subsequent intimate relationships: the trauma of rape or other forms of sexual assault. In a study of violence against women in North America, Robinson (2003) found that over forty percent of women have or will experience violence in their life including but not limited to rape. This trend is likely to be attributed to a fight for power. People holding positions of power over someone might take advantage of that control they have, leading to
This essay aims to answer the question “can psychology satisfactorily explain sexual violence?” However, as this is such a broad area of research, it will focus on domestic rape and sexual violence.
Any behavior or physical contact of any sexual form that causes an individual to be uncomfortable is sexual violence. This occurs in situations whereby an individual is taken advantage of or is coerced, taken by force or by use of manipulation to participate in undesirable sexual acts. This can be in the form of acts of rape, incest or sexual abuse against children.
They feel as though there is no one that can help them and that they are alone. This phase “may be expressed several hours or even days after the crime” (Bard and Sangrey, 1979, pg. 35).
This literature review provides a brief overview of six scholarly articles and other facts about sexual assault .This review will first define sexual assault as it is defined in these articles. It will analyze the strengths and limitations of the definition used and will discuss the occurrence of sexual assault in the general population.This review will also illustrate the protective factors, barriers to recovery , impact of development and the specific sexual assault population that are absent in these articles. Sexual assault is a societal issue that impacts men and women at every age in their life, it’s much more highly reported among college aged women. The majority of women who are victims of rape are
The definition of sexual abuse is simple. When a person insists on having sex without consent1of a partner, it is considered sexual abuse. Sexual abuse can involve rape, forcible sodemy, child sexual abuse, incest (sexual relationship between siblings), fondling, attempted rape and sexual harassment, or any other type of unwanted sexual contact (Center for Family Justice). Though sexual abuse is one of the most difficult conflicts in teens, not many teens go through this situation. One third of teen couples---one in three---suffer in sexual abuse relationships. One in four girls and one in six boys are sexually abused. Few teens go through this conflict! Very few of these relationships are domestic relationships (NSOPW). Not a lot of these relationships are reported to authorities.