Unknown Report On Microbiology And The Epidemiology Of An Organism

Many important scientists contributed to the development of the microscope, however, perhaps the most influential is Anton van Leeuwenhoek. Known as the father of microbiology, Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to discover bacteria through the use of microscopes that he developed himself (2, 3). Since then, many more scientists have made other changes leading to even more advancements in microscopy. Some of the microscopes most commonly used in microbiology include bright field, dark-field, phase-contrast, fluorescence, and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy (1). For this particular report, bright-field microscopes are used to visualize the unknown bacteria. Microorganisms are able to be viewed using the contrast of the microbe against the bright background of the slide (1). Sometimes it can be difficult to view microbes against a light background because they will seem transparent or have little contrast. To increase the contrast and allow for easier viewing, microbes are often stained. A condenser allows visible light to be focused and create a contrast between the background and the specimen. The microscope contains 4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x objective lenses. The 4x and 10x are used in order to scan the slide and determine the general location of the stained bacteria while the higher magnification lenses are

There are many reasons for knowing the identity of microorganisms. The reasons range from knowing the causative agent of a disease in a patient, so as to know how it can be treated, to knowing the correct microorganism to be used for making certain foods or antibiotics. This study was done by applying all of the methods that I have been learned so far in the microbiology laboratory class for the identification of an unknown bacterium.

Citrobacter Freundii is a species of bacteria that can be potentially harmful to humans. It is known to cause meningitis by protruding into the brain and replicating itself (1). The Citrobacter species has also been found as a cause of some urinary tract infections, diarrhea, and even gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms (3). C. Freundii can be located in a wide variety of soils and water (3). Lastly, it is also the cause of many nosocomial infections due to its presence in water (1).

Since microorganisms are not visible to the eye, the essential tool in microbiology is the microscope. One of the first to use a microscope to observe microorganisms was Robert Hooke, the English biologist who observed algae and fungi in the 1660s. In the 1670s, “Anton van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch merchant, constructed a number of simple microscopes and observed details of numerous forms of protozoa, fungi, and bacteria” (Introduction to Microscopes, n.d.). During the 1700s, microscopes were used to further explore on the microbial world, and by the late 1800s, the light microscope had been developed. “The electron microscope was developed in the 1940s, thus

The purpose of the following study is to determine where the two unknown bacteria acquired in Microbiology lab should be classified in regards to temperature, pH level, and osmoregularity. It is important to classify bacteria in order to identify them. Identification of bacteria is important because they are not only useful but potentially dangerous as well. The identification of bacteria can lead to breakthroughs in healthcare regarding treatment of old and new diseases alike. Identifying bacteria can also be used in many other areas from better crop production through microbial pesticides to biological warfare. Their uses are endless as are their abilities to evolve and adapt to changing environments. That is why it is so important

How should the unknown microscopic organisms be classified? The concept of the experiment was to conduct a systematic observation about the traits of unknown organisms, and classify them to the right group. Making detailed observations about the traits, made it possible to identify which cell the trait belonged to because different cells have different traits. Animal cells do not have a cell wall, and has one or more small vacuoles. Plant cells has a cell wall, rectangular (fixed shape), and has a chloroplasts. Cytoplasm, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosomes, Mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus to name a few.

Microorganisms are both beneficial and harmful. These microorganisms are important to humans because they play a role in the ecology of life, by decomposing wastes, both natural and man-made, such as creating nitrogen fertilizer at the root zones of certain crops. Other several pathogens that can cause serious harm, even immediate death due to the diseases or disease causing products they produce. Overall, microorganisms play an important role in life.

Gerhart, D. “Ferdinand, Cohn, a Founder of Modern Microbiology”Features. Nov 1999. Retrieved on January 16, 2014 from microbeworld.org: http://www.microbeworld.org/images/stories/history_pdfs/f3.pdf

Our world has changed dramatically since the day Antoine van Leeuwenhoek discovered microorganisms in 1676 using a simple microscope. In early days, scientists first thought life arose from inanimate materials. This theory, known as abiogenesis or spontaneous generation, was disproved later on by scientists including Lazarro Spallanzani and Louis Pasteur. The experiments conducted by these scientists showed that living things could only arise from preexisting life, or biogenesis. All life begins with a living cell, composing of five required components. These components are DNA, RNA, cell membrane, ribosome, and cytoplasm. As more investigations on bacteria were conducted, scientists were able to acquire a deeper knowledge of the microbiology and pathology of animals, plants, and humans.

Using the microscope provided to analyze the different size of the different cells and organisms

The purpose of this laboratory exercise was to perform tests necessary to be able to distinguish one microorganism from 10 others. Using a series of biochemical tests and characteristics, unknown #22 was concluded to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A dichotomous key was mapped out and used during this process. Using this provided guidance as well as organization as to what the result may be.

On June 25th, 2015 I chose the test tube labeled #19. This test tube contained an unknown bacterium, and the purpose was to determine the unknown bacterium by the end of the semester. Throughout the course, I ran a series of differential tests that would lead me to discovering the characteristics of my unknown. These tests that I will discuss in this paper are vital to understanding the biochemical mechanisms that different bacteria can perform, therefore helping me identify my bacterium based on molecular differences. During the course of this paper, I will refer to my unknown as unk#19. Also, I would note that aseptic technique was performed throughout the entire experiment and subcultures were regularly made.

uring the mid to late nineteenth-century, physicians and scientists had begun to understand that diseases are caused by microorganisms. This was a radical departure from traditional medical theories which had held that diseases were caused by miasmas or an

The best and most accurate way of identifying an unknown microorganism is by sequencing its DNA, but this is very expensive and only used in highly qualified labs. So, the identification of unknown bacteria number 63 was be done by putting the bacteria through numerous laboratory tests. Microorganisms are different among each other by their macroscopic morphology, microscopic morphology, and the unique metabolic processes they use to survive and reproduce. Identifying an unknown microorganism in the laboratory is important because knowledge is gained on the appropriate way to cultivate an organism, how to correctly read the result of a test, and learning about the different characteristics of the bacteria. All of the following tests were done using the best sterile technique and the most new turbid bacterial growth subculture.

Bacteria are ubiquitous and ever changing, making the ability to identify unknown bacteria extremely important. Knowing a bacterium and its characteristics gives insight to how it responds to its environment and how it affects humans, which can affect the medical and pharmaceutical fields. The purpose of this lab was to determine an unknown bacterium through the use of varied approaches, to ultimately obtain more comprehensive results than a singular approach would. Approaches used in this lab include classical approaches, such as biochemical tests, staining and Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, as well as genomic approaches like isolation sequencing, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, and a BLAST sequence database. It