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What Is Data Analysis And Application ( DAA )

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Data Analysis and Application (DAA)
This paper will examine a data analysis and application for an independent t test comparing the mean GPAs of a sample of male and female students. It will pose a research question that the data will set out to answer. It will provide a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis, and will provide an analysis showing why the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis.
Data File Description
For this independent t test, the mean GPAs of 64 females and 41 males were compared. The variables used are (1) gender, and (2) GPA. The predictor, or independent, variable is gender. And the outcome variable is GPA. Gender can only have two values, male or female; this …show more content…

Statistic df Sig. gpa .091 105 .033 .956 105 .001
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

The p value is .001, which shows that the data is not normal. However, this test is more reliable with larger sample sizes. Therefore, if there was a larger sample size here, the results of this test may differ from above.
Assumption 2 of the t test is that there will be independence of observation. Here, a participant can only be a member of the male group or the female group; this cannot overlap and a person can only be assigned to one group. This will not be tested via a visual component, as this assumption is based on setting up the research correctly.
Assumption 3 is homogeneity of variance, that the variances of the outcome variable in both groups, the male group and the female group, will be equal. The Levene Test for Equality of Variances has a sig. value of .566. This number is higher than .05 and, therefore, implies that the variability of the two groups is about equal.
Based on the above, it appears that the assumptions have been met. Assumption 1, that the outcome variable will be normally distributed, is supported by visual interpretation of the histogram and the skewness and kurtosis calculations. The Shapiro-Wilk test, on the other hand, did not support the assumption. However, this could be due to sample size; the bigger the sample, the more accurate the results. This could shed some doubt on the research; to completely meet the assumption, a larger

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