Population Genetics / Hardy-Weinberg Problems
Directions: Work out the following problems on a separate piece of paper. Show ALL work and circle your answers.
1) If the frequency of a recessive allele is 30% in a population of 100 people, how many would you predict would be carriers of this allele, but would not express the recessive phenotype? q= 0.30 p= 0.70
Carriers = 2pq = 2(.3)(.7) = .42
#= (.42)(100) = 42 individuals
2) From a sample of 278 American Indians, the following MN blood types were obtained: MM = 78, MN = 139, NN = 61. Calculate the allele frequency of M and N.
M= 0.53
N= 0.47
MM = 78/278 = 0.281 = p2 p = 0.530 = 53%
MN = 139/278 = 0.50 = 2pq q = 0.468 = 46.8%
NN = 61/139 = 0.219 = q2
3)
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Complete the following chart based on this information.
The frequency of the (H) allele =
0.7
The total number of homozygous nonallergic Pago Fuagens =
2450
(5000 x 0.49)
The frequency of the (h) allele =
0.3
The total number of Pago Fuagans that are carriers of the (g) allele and phenotypically normal =
2100
(5000 x 0.42)
The total number of (h) alleles on Pago Fuago =
3000
(10,000 x 0.3)
The total number of Pago Fuagens that suffer from this
Over five trials the average allele frequency with this change in the migration rate is 0.366.
1. Suppose two Dd birds mate. What percentages of DD, Dd, and dd offspring would you predict? Use the Punnett square at right to help determine your answer.
2. Indicate on your pedigree chart the individuals who are carriers by shading half of each circle or square.
What observations can you make regarding the gene pool and gene frequency of the surviving individuals?
2. Can the student tell from the blood type if the student is heterozygous or homozygous? Explain. (5 points) Yes, knowing your blood type would
A) Their F1 offspring were 97 wild type quahaug flies. What is the genotype of these F1 flies??
Calculate the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation.
For one of the monohybrid crosses you performed in this Investigation, describe how to use the phenotype ratios to determine
4. Click the Reset button at the bottom. Then, choose Color Blindness again and set the parents’ alleles according to the information about Couple 2.
Now you have determined some facts about the grounded allele and the trait that it causes. Given what you know, do you expect the mutant F1 flies to be homozygous or heterozygous for the allele that causes the grounded trait? According to your reasoning, if you mated two mutant F1 flies, what percentage of flies would you expect to be wild type versus mutant in the F2 progeny? Draw a Punnett square of this cross to justify your answer.
Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, calculate the predicted genotype frequencies for each population scenario below. Place your calculations and data in the space provided below. Once you have calculated the frequencies, answer the conclusion questions for each one. Please remember that all calculations must be shown for full credit.
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 ; where ‘p2’ represents the homozygous dominant genotype, ‘2pq’ represents the heterozygous genotype, and ‘q2’ represents the homozygous recessive genotype
Moreover, the migration of individuals from one genetically distinct population to another is also an important way for alleles to be added to or subtracted from a local population. Whenever an organism leaves one population and enters another, it subtracts its genetic information from the population it left and adds it to the population it joins. If it contains rare alleles, it may significantly affect the allele frequency of both populations. The extent of migration need not be great. However, as long as alleles are entering
Allele frequency is a measure of the relative frequency of an allele on a genetic locus in a population; which is usually it is expressed as a proportion or a percentage ("Allele frequency," 2014). In population genetics, allele frequencies show the genetic diversity of a species population or equivalently the richness of its gene pool ("Allele frequency," 2014). The frequencies