1) Why do patients suffering from chronic acidosis can develop hyperkalemia? Explain your answer and include all essential details. 2) Imagine that a seven-year-old girl develops a hormone-secreting ovarian tumor derived from granulosa cells. What signs of the disease would you expect?

Q: What are the pigments usually in urine? How are these pigments formed?

A: Urine is excreted out of the body; it is formed in the kidneys.  The normal volume of urine in 24…

Q: Explain why kidney failure could result in the accumulation of nitrogen-containing waste products in…

A: Kidney  Bean shaped organs located near the waist are known as kidney. The main function of kidney…

Q: What does uric acid height mean? Which diseases does it indicate? What method of determination would…

A: Note: "What does it mean if the uric acid level is high?" is the question.  Uric acid is produced in…

Q: Can any of these urine tests definitively diagnose diabetes? Why or why not? If not, why would a…

A: Introduction  A metabolic disorder called diabetes is characterised by elevated blood sugar levels.…

Q: select item number from (A) to match (B А A 1 GFR marker Metabolic acidosis 2 Carbonic anhydrase…

A: Buffers are solutions of a weak acid and its conjugate salt that can reset any change in pH of the…

Q: Is glucose always present in the urine of normal individuals? Explain your answer.

A: Urine contains water, nitrogenous waste such as urea, ammonia and inorganic salts. It is pale yellow…

Q: How is end-stage renal disease treated?

A: BASIC INFORMATION  DISEASE It is basically the illness of the body. This affects our bodily…

Q: What might it mean if you found a high concentration of urobilinogen in your patient’s urine?

A: Urobilinogen is a by product of bilirubin reduction which is colour-less. It is formed by the action…

Q: As compared to standard formulas, enteral formulas suitable for acute kidney injury have all of the…

A: The acute kidney injury   In this condition glomerulus filtration rate is decrease and kidney unable…

Q: How is uric acid formed? What is the significance of abnormally high concentration of uric acid in…

A: Uric acid is a primary nitrogeneous waste in case of birds, reptiles. It is comparably less toxic…

Q: Define the following terms:a. nephrogenic diabetes insipidisb. LDL receptorc. coated pitd.…

A: Biomolecules are also called biological molecule is any of numerous substances that are produced by…

Q: Interstitial cystitis is characterized by erosion of the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder.…

A: Interstitial cystitis is a disease that results in chronic inflammation of the layers of the urinary…

Q: Why do individuals with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secrete…

A: SIADH - syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone it is caused due to following.

Q: When diagnosed, a patient suffering from pain in the joints was found to have elevated uric acid in…

A: Gout has the symptom of joint pain with other symptoms like inflammation of joint ( characterized by…

Q: What factors may explain the difference in serum and urine creatinine levels?

A: Creatinine is a non-protein nitrogenous compound that is toxic and is produced by the breakdown of…

Q: A college student was brought to hospital with complaint of recurrent abdominal pain. He informedthe…

A: Bilirubin is formed due to the breakdown of red blood cells in the body. The liver helps to excrete…

Q: What are the main causes of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) in humans?

A: Nephrolithiasis can be described as a process that gives rise to kidney stones or calculi in the…

Q: What is the risk of asymptomatic gonorrhea in men and women?

A: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men and women. It causes…

Q: Which among the following indications is true with regards to the patient's urinalysis result? A)…

A: To cure any disease condition it is very important to know the cause of that condition. So to find…

Q: Manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome include: a. low blood lipids O b. low serum albumin O c.…

A: Nutrition plays a vital role in emphasizing important nutrients for the appropriate growth and…

Q: With respect to renal autoregulation, myogenic mechanism refers to   Multiple Choice   both…

A: The kidney is an important organ of the excretory system. As blood passes through the kidneys, it…

Q: In which condition is excessive urinary excretion of 5- hydroxy indole acetic acid seen?…

A: Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome which occur due to excessive production of…

Q: a) Which TWO substances are specifically diagnostic for a bladder bacterial infection? b) Urinary…

A: Urinary tract infections include infections of the urethra, urinary bladder, and kidneys. The…

Q: Domingo is hypertensive and was recently diagnosed with impaired kidney function based on urinalysis…

A: Another name for high blood pressure is known as Hypertension. This disease can lead to severe…

Q: How does the body compensate for fluid abnormalities? What would be the best IV fluid to give your…

A: The human body maintains homeostasis when it comes to fluid, electrolytes, pH, etc. The body fluid…

Q: Why is cystitis more common in women?

A: Introduction Cystitis is the condition which is referred to the inflammation in the urinary bladder.…

Q: For each of the following urinalysis results, indicate whether you should be concerned or not and…

A: Urine refers to the liquid waste that is the byproduct of metabolism. The kidney filters the blood…

Q: What is cystitis? Why do women suffer from cystitis more often than men?

A: Cystitis is a general urinary system infection that affects more women than males. This is due in…

Q: Explain why a dialysis solution would initially be low in urea buthigh in bicarbonate content.

A: Dialysis is a method of cleaning blood by removing waste products, contaminants and extra fluid from…

Q: Following surgery to correct a massive hemorrhage, a 55-year-old patient exhibits oliguria and…

A: Hemorrhage is also called bleeding, it is used to describe the loss of blood that occurs outside or…

Q: Why are women predisposed to cystitis?

A: Cystitis comes under the category of Urinary tract infection(UTI) in which inflammation of bladder…

Q: Why would the differential renal vein renin test show an increase in the blocked renal artery side…

A: Renal vein renin test measures the ratio between the ischemic kidney and that of contralateral…

Q: A 44-year-old man diagnosed with acute tubular necrosis has a blood urea nitrogen of 60 mg/dL and a…

A: A heart attack or a heart stroke can cause the tubular necrosis. This is a condition in which the…

Q: 1. Discuss the normal characteristics of urine and determine the abnormal conditions. 2. List the…

A: Urine is sterile liquid excrement of the body that is secreted by the kidneys and expelled through…

Q: Why is protein in the urine a sign of kidney damage? What structures in the kidney are probably…

A: The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that primarily function in glomerular filtration. The nephrons…

Q: is glucose always present in the urine of normal individuals?

A: Glucose is the main source of energy in the body. where blood carries glucose to all the cells of…

Q: Why is albumin not normally present in the urine?

A: Answer:-Albumin is a protein found in the blood. A healthy kidney doesn't let albumin pass from the…

Q: What is the significance of abnormality of high concentration of uric acid in the urine

A: A uric acid test measures the amount of uric acid in the body. Uric acid is a chemical that is…

Q: For part A, explain why the solution inside the dialysis tubing turned blue, but the solution in the…

A: Osmosis is the process of movement of solvent molecules from a region of high concentration to a…

Q: Is an increase in albumin excretion observed only in pathological urine? Why or why not?

A: Introduction : Serum albumin is a type of protein that may be found in blood plasma. It plays an…

Q: Mention at least 5 proteins, besides albumin, that are present in the urine under pathological…

A: Proteinuria is the condition of increased levels of protein in the urine. This condition can be a…

Q: A high serum total protein together with low albumin levels is usually seen in which of the…

A: The measurement of total serum protein and albumin are of diagnostic importance in the treatment of…

Q: What immune mechanisms are operative in glomerulonephritis?

A: Glomerulonephritis is minor inflammation in the glomerulus. It may be acute or chronic. It also…

Q: Urinalysis demonstration [Video]. YouTube.     Available at https://youtu.be/H0-EMmG3arc Answer the…

A: Please note that external sources are not referred to as per the site guidelines and hence the…

Q: Discuss the disease process of nephrotic syndrome,

A: Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms which shows the functional level of the kidney.

Q: Why is glucose present in pathological urine? What does the presence of glucose indicate?

A: Glucose metabolism includes glycolysis in which glucose molecules are converted to 2 molecules…

Q: Give 5 clinical importance of bilirubinuria or urobilinogenuria?

A: Bilirubinuria is a test which quantifies the amount of bilirubin in the urine. Urobilinogen forms…