1. Compare and contrast gene regulation of a Lac operon when there is little glucose in the environment but lots of lactose and a Tryp Operon when there is lots of Tryptophan in the environment. Also discuss what happens to each operon once both lactose and tryptophan are in short supply.

1. Compare and contrast gene regulation of a Lac operon when there is little glucose in the environment but lots of lactose and a Tryp Operon when there is lots of Tryptophan in the environment. Also discuss what happens to each operon once both lactose and tryptophan are in short supply.

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter16: Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

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1. Compare and contrast gene regulation of a Lac operon when there is little glucose in the
environment but lots of lactose and a Tryp Operon when there is lots of Tryptophan in the
environment. Also discuss what happens to each operon once both lactose and tryptophan
are in short supply.

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The a/a operon is an inducible operon that controls the production of the sugar arabinose. When arabinose is present in a bacterium it binds to the protein AraC, and the complex binds to the initiator site to promote transcription. In this scenario, AraC is a(n). activator inducer repressor operator
1. What is the default state of the lac operon? a. LacI repressor is sitting on the operator sequence and blocks RNAP from transcribing lacZYA. b. LacI repressor is not in a correct shape to bind to the operator sequence. c. LacI repressor is not produced in the absence of lactose. d. Allolactose is sitting on the operator sequence and blocks RNAP from transcribing lacZYA.
1) A. What is the difference between a repressible vs, an inducible operon? B. Using diagrams and words, describe how the Lac Operon is regulated by different levels of lactose and glucose. Be sure to show what’s happening at the molecular level, including the roles of lactose, glucose the repressor protein, cAMP and CAP.
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1) Assume you have an operon that is repressible. In this case, the rate of synthesis of repressor protein must depend on the level of a) co-repressor b) inducer c) both d) neither
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1. A)Explain the mechanism by which the lac operon is sensitive to glucose levels (presence and absence of glucose). B)If glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
4) Suppose you have an E. coli in which the gene that codes for the lac repressor protein has been mutated in such a way that the protein produced can bind to both lactose and DNA (at its specific binding site in the lac operon promoter) simultaneously. What effect, if any, would this have on regulation of expression of the lac operon? Briefly (1 sentence) explain why you would predict the effect or lack of effect this mutation would have.
2) Name and describe two types of constitutive mutants of the lactose operon.
Describe the main functional differences between the TRP and the Lac operons. Main functional differences DO NOT refer to the fact that one operon involves TRP and the other involves Lac. They also don’t include that there are different genes found in the TRP operon compared to the Lac operon or that the repressor in the Lac operon is called Lac l. Also DO NOT simply list how both operons work to answer this question.
1) The logic of the Lac operon was deciphered by using bacterial lac-operon mutants. Crucial to the experiments was creation of partial diploid cells in which operon from a wild-type cell is introduced into the mutant cell [thus there are 2 copies of the operon], and its ability to restore repression is assessed. Three classes of mutants were found that affect expression of the lac operon. Two of these resulted in constitutive expression of the operon, and the other eliminated all expression, even in the presence of lactose. Use the information above to complete the following table indicating with a (Y) yes or (N= No) if enzymatic activity of B-Gal will be detected (protein made and functional). Assume there is no glucose. Remember: Promoter for operon controls ALL genes downstream of it, coding sequence of the genes themselves matter (so if transcription is occurring but structural gene is producing a non-functional protein there will be no activity detected) For the lac operon…
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