1. Glucagon is the is an important hormone that controls glycogen metabolism in liver cells. Describe how glucagon regulates glycogen metabolism in liver cells in low blood glucose conditions.
Q: 1. Glucose transporter in the myocytes, under the influence of insulin, is A. GLUT 1 B. GLUT 2 C.…
A: Glucose transport in our body mainly occur through sodium independent transporter which include GLUT…
Q: 7. After visiting a gym, a student had 250-300 g of carbohydrates for lunch and decided to rest. How…
A: after visiting a gym a student had 250 300 gram of carbohydrate for lunch and decided to rest how…
Q: Which of the following statements is true about brain metabolism in starvation? a) The brain can use…
A: Starvation is a complete stoppage of eating food and the body is deprived of carbohydrates, lipids,…
Q: An increase in glucagon levels can a. Promote the degradation of glycogen (i.e., glycogenolysis) b.…
A: Glucagon can be defined as a peptide hormone. It is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It…
Q: 1) How is the TCA cycle regulated? a) Draw the TCA diagram that fills in all possible regulation…
A: The citric acid cycle involves the oxidation of acetyl CoA to CO2 and H2O. It is the first common…
Q: Administration of insulin decreases the blood concentration of ketone bodies in patients with…
A: The cells inside the body of people who are diabetic are unable to uptake glucose from blood.…
Q: 1. Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is the disorder of which pathway? A. HMP shunt B.…
A: Hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative pathwy to glucose…
Q: 2. Parkinson's disease is caused by a deficiency of dopamine in the substantia nigra of the brain.…
A: Enzymes are actually classified into seven classes, namely oxidoreductases, transferases,…
Q: 3. After 12 days of starvation, a man reduced his weight by 4 kg. The doctor prescribed him…
A: Introduction: Starvation is defined as a severe deficiency in calorie energy intake needed to…
Q: 11. Epinephrine (adrenaline) is often called the "fight or flight" hormone because it is released…
A: Hormones are chemical signaling molecules that are produced by various endocrine glands directly…
Q: Explain why insulin is required for adipocytes to synthesize triacylglycerols from fatty acids.
A: Insulin signaling is required for storing energy in the form of fats in humans. Even though de novo…
Q: 5. A young woman decided to lose weight and abstained from fat-containing food for several months.…
A: Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body. So, under normal conditions, the glucose…
Q: The antidiabetes drugs known as thiazolidinediones induce the production of glycerol kinase in…
A: Thiazolidinedione’s are a class of medicines that can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.…
Q: 6. Neonatal tyrosinemia is due to the deficiency of which of the following enzymes? A. Fumaryl…
A: There are three types of tyrosinemias- Type 1( hepatorenal tyrosinemia):- occurs due to…
Q: I need answer within 20 minutes please please with my best wishes
A: After an intake of carbohydrates there will be an increase in the concentration of the glucose…
Q: 10. Two men with hyperglycemia visited an endocrinologist. One patient was diagnoscd with…
A: Cushing syndrome occurs due to an exposure to high corticosteroid levels for a long period of time…
Q: Part 2 In a cell stimulated by insulin, glucose is abundant, Explain how the high rate of fatty acid…
A: The two hormones released by the pancreas for the blood sugar regulation are insulin and glucagon.…
Q: 1. Consider the fatty acid C24:3 (D10, 13, 16) Break down this fatty acid. Show all the products…
A: The given fatty acid is C24:3 (D10, 13, 16) has 24 C-atom chain with three unsaturation in between…
Q: Glucose 6 phosphatase O allows muscle to release free glucose into the bloodstream O is expressed in…
A: Glucose 6-phosphatase is an enzyme that makes hydrolyzed glucose 6-phosphate, which leads to the…
Q: 3-day -old female newborn with a deficiency of mitochondrial carbamoyl phosphate synthetase develops…
A: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase is an enzyme which catalyzes the first reaction of the urea cycle.…
Q: 4. Between your evening meal and breakfast, your blood glucose drops and your liver becomes a net…
A: Based on the body's needs, the liver simultaneously stores and manufactures glucose. The liver…
Q: 1. A student, halfan hour after the dinner, containing about 150 g of carbohydrates, 20 g of fat,…
A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer one question at a time. Since…
Q: 1. Explain why most human cells require a supply of glucose 2. State one specific response of the…
A: The normal blood glucose level in adults ranges from 90 to 110mg/dl. The blood glucose levels vary…
Q: 5. How does the epinephrine hormone regulate glycogen catabolism in the liver and muscle? Please…
A: The reserve food material in the animal body is the glycogen. Glycogen aids in providing energy to…
Q: 4. (a) duced in large part by cells in the liver via a specialized metabolic program called…
A: Introduction: Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is oxidized to two molecules of pyruvate in…
Q: 2. Why are the essential fatty acid associated with low incidence of heart disease? Cite some…
A: Fatty acids are the water insoluble, long chain hydrocarbon with one carboxyl group. Essential fatty…
Q: Describe five possible fates for glucose 6-phosphate in the liver.
A: The liver is a major metabolic site. The metabolism of drugs, detoxification, amino acid metabolism…
Q: 8. A steroid hormone was found to be abnormally high in a person who perennially suffers from…
A: Steroid hormones are mainly released by the adrenal glands present ,above the kidneys. Adrenal…
Q: During periods of stress or fasting, blood glucose levels fall.In response, fatty acids are released…
A: A major source of energy in the body is glucose. The breakdown of glucose leads to the production of…
Q: Describe 3 functions of glucocorticoids.
A:
Q: 9. Which of the following enzymes CANNOT be found in the skeletal muscle? A. Glucose-6-phosphatase…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: 5. A high school girl who is self-conscious about her appearance has been fasting for several days…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the mechanism of a metabolic pathway which is especially important when…
Q: 5. A young woman decided to lose wcight and abstained from fat-containing food for several months.…
A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer three subparts at a time. Since…
Q: With only one functioning copy of GK, how will ATP yields be affected? a. 30-32 moles of ATP will be…
A: Every eukaryotic cell produces ATP to utilize as the energy currency for the metabolic process. The…
Q: 5. A young woman decided to lose weight and abstained from fat-containing food for several months.…
A: The energy demands of the cells are primarily met by the metabolism of glucose molecules. But, the…
Q: 1.a. Given what you know about glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, does it make sense that insulin…
A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which one…
Q: 3. Calculate the ATP that is produced when linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 18:2) is (a)…
A: Calculation of ATP production :-
Q: Discuss the glycogen synthesis. Give the three enzymes required for this process and their…
A: “Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: Back in the 1930s, a chemical called DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) was prescribed as a weight loss pill.…
A: Metabolism refers to all of an organism's life-sustaining chemical processes that take place in its…
Q: 21. Explain how the activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase is the appropriate response to insulin…
A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: True about glucokinase is - a) It is present in all cells b) It is a constitutive enzyme c) It has a…
A: Glucokinase is a glucose phosphorylating enzyme present in a brain cell, small intestine, pancreas,…
Q: Glucagon increases blood glucose very quickly by activating phosphorylase. This is very efficient…
A: Glucagon: It is a hormone secreted by alpha cells of the islet of Langerhans when the level of…
Q: Glucocorticoids (GC) are stress hormones that modulate glucose homeostasis. One effect is to reduce…
A: Glucocorticoids are produced by the middle cortex and affect almost every cell in the body…
Q: 4. How will glycogen levels most likely be affected in patients with a GK mutation? a. Elevated in…
A: Glucokinase It is a enzyme that that help in the conversion of glucose into glycogen. It is present…
Q: 7. Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is CORRECT?
A: Gluconeogenesis is a process of formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate source (lactate, amino…
Q: which of the following are possible sources of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate a. more than 1 correct…
A: Glycolysis is defined as a series of enzymatic reactions that convert one molecule of glucose, a…
Q: 1. Why is it that Individuals with thiamin deficiency have high levels of pyruvate in their blood?
A: Vitamin B1(thiamine) is a co-factor for the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase which is an essential…
Q: inhibition of gluconeogenesis occurs when a. when the insulin level is low b. when the insulin level…
A: Inhibition of gluconeogenesis occurs when b)the insulin level is high. Because insulin inhibits the…
Q: 14. Oxidation of cholesterol in the liver produces
A: Cholesterol is a sterol lipid that is synthesized in liver and transported in the bloodstream. One…
Q: Match the blood glucose source with its fate/outcome. v Non-carbohydrate A. Carbon dioxide, water…
A: Answer :- * Non-carbohydrate - Non-carbohydrate. * Other saccharides - Other saccharides.
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- Ouabain specifically inhibits the Na+K+ ATPase activity of animal tissues but is not known to inhibit any other enzyme. When ouabain is added to thin slices of living kidney tissue, it inhibits oxygen consumption by 66%. Why? What does this observation tell us about the use of respiratory energy bykidney tissue?6. Gluconeogenesis generates ________. Select one: A. 2 ATP and 2 NADH B. 1 ATP and 1 NADH C. 1 ATP and 0 NADH D. 0 ATP and 0 NADHVitamin B3 (niacin) is a component of NAD+ (or NADH). Niacin is acquired through the diet. a) Describe the consequences of niacin deficiency on energy production. b) Invent two strategies a cell might use to maintain energy production under niacin deficiency.
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme is highly specific for NADP+; the KM for NAD+ is about a thousand times that of NADP+. What does this mean in terms of affinity of the enzyme for NAD+ and NADP+? How would being forced to use NAD+ affect rate?In general, the ratio of oxidized versus reduced NAD is best described by which ONE statement below? A. the NADH/NAD+ ratio is greater than 1 B. the NADH/NAD+ ratio is always changing so one cannot make generalized assertions about this ratio C. the NAD+/NADH ratio is greater than 1 D. the NAD+/NADH ratio is equal to 1Which of the following should inhibit the PDC by feedback inhibition? Choose all that apply. NADH NAD+ CoASH Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Glucose 6-phosphate
- Which of the following statements about the malate-aspartate shuttle is false? a) 2.5 ATPs are formed per cytoplasmic NADH shuttled. b) Transamination is involved. c) Cytoplasmic oxaloacetate is converted to malate. d) Mitochondrial malate is converted to oxaloacetate. e) Antiport transport is not involved.If decanoic acid (10 : 0) undergoes complete β-oxidation in mitochondria, how many net ATP is yielded? (NADH = 2.5 ATP; FADH2 = 1.5 ATP; Acetyl CoA = 10 ATP) Answer in number only1. A cell in an active catabolic steady state state needs to maintain A. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. B. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. C. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. D. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio.
- a) What is the process by which cells generate ATP through a series of redox (chemical) reactions called? How many ATPs generated through this process from one Glucose molecule? b) What does cellular respiration accomplish for the cell? c) What happens to the NADH produced in glycolysis? Why does it need to get into the mitochondria? d) Write the role of O2 in cellular respiration. e) What happens to our body’s enzyme activity during fever? f) What is the difference between apo-enzyme and holo-enzyme? g) What is meant by the term specificity in relation to enzyme activity? h) If humans evolved from apes, why are there still apes? i) What are the risk factors of type 2 diabetes? j) Why was Lamarck wrong about giraffes?Oxidative decarboxylation a. Do not occur in the TCA cycle. b. Involve loss of CO2 and the production of NADH. c. Involve loss of CO2 and the production of NAD. d. Involve loss of CO2 and the production of FADH2.Choose the correct ans Both NADH and FADH2 enter the electron transport chain via the Complex I.a Trueb False