1. What is mutation? Explain the random and site-directed mutagenesis methods .Which one is preferred in the laboratory and why? 2. Give two differences between the random and the site directed mutagenesis. 3. Explain the uses of site directed mutagenesis
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A: Since you have posted multiple questions we solve the first question for you. To get the remaining…
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- Explain how site directed mutagenesis can be accomplished using M13 bacteriophage. Using this method often results in only 5% of plaques with mutant gene. Explain how the procedure has been modified to enrich for the number of plaques with the mutant gene.1. Determine the approximate number of amino acids that would be missing in the telomerase protein of a person who has the autosomal form of dyskeratosis congenita in which a segment of the normal gene has been deleted. b. In some patients with autosomal dyskerptosis congenita , the disorder is caused by one or two nitrogen base substitutions that change the sequence of the DNA the telomerase gene. Describe what would happen to the etlomerase protein if a triplet of the telomerase gene that was normally ACC mutated to become ACT Explain your answer. c. i Identify a field of research, other than days keratosis congenita , that could use knowledge gained about telomerase and telomeres . Explain how this information might be used. c. ii Evaluate how this research could affect either an individual or society. Include one potential advantage and one potential disadvantage in your evaluation.3). Explain a substitution mutation 4) Explain a deletion mutation 5). Explain an insertion mutation
- 1A) Which of the following best explains Griffith’s transformation experiments? Two strains of S. pneumoniae were used for the experiment. Griffith injected a mouse with heat-inactivated S strain (pathogenic) and living R strain (non-pathogenic). The mouse died and living S strain was recovered from the dead mouse. From this, it was later concluded that that mutation occurred in the DNA of the R-strain cells thus transforming them into a pathogenic S strain. Two strains of S. pneumoniae were used for the experiment. Griffith injected a mouse with heat-inactivated S strain (pathogenic) and living R strain (non-pathogenic). The mouse died and living S strain was recovered from the dead mouse. From this observation, it was later concluded that external DNA from the inactivated S strain was taken up by the R-strain cells thus transforming them into a pathogenic S strain. Two strains of S. pneumoniae were used for the experiment. Griffith injected a mouse…1. Methods of gene therapy 2. Explain Small RNAs and long non coding RNA. 3.what is name of the technique that would help a person who inherited LFS to have a child without the defective allele? 4 .Describe the main technique for amplifying a segment of DNA (like the one you suspect is involved in Lee’s cancer) from a complex mixture of genomic DNA. Remember that the entire human genome sequence is known. (Hint: This is a technique that is commonly used by laboratories that do genetic testing and various other applications of molecular biology.) 5. If Dr. Aikenhed wanted to see if there was mutation within the protein-coding sequence of the gene implicated in this disorder (as opposed to mutations afecting regulatory elements), what technique involving dideoxynucleotides could be used? Briefy describe this technique.1. ls a random mutation more likely to be beneficial or harmful? Explain your answer 2. Distinguish between spontaneous and induced mutations. Which are more harmful? Which are avoidable?
- The accompanying photo shows a sequencing gel from the original study that first sequenced the cystic fibrosis gene (J. R. Riordan et al. 1989. Science 245:1066–1073). From the photo, determine the sequence of the normal copy of the gene and the sequence of the mutated copy of the gene. Identify the location of the mutation that causes cystic fibrosis. (Hint: The CF mutation is a 3-bp deletion.)6a. Given the following mutated sequence (with respect to the normal sequence), what TYPE of mutation occurred: AAGCTTAC1. Briefly explain the principle behind the following techniques: (a) ion-exchange chromatography (b) gel filtration chromatography (c) affinity chromatography (d) Use three diagrams to illustrate the separation of three different proteins by these methods. 2. Genetic instability in the form of point mutations, chromosome rearrangements, and epigenetic changes needs to be maximal to allow the development of cancer. (a) With diagrams explain: (i) point mutations (ii) chromosome rearrangement (iii) epigenetic changes 3. Describe the process of cloning a DNA fragment into the Eco R1and Alu I sites of the vector pUC18. How would you screen for clones that contain an insert? 4. A protein has a stability ranging from 6 to 15 kcal/mole at 37 OC. Stability…
- 1. Explain how the SNP changes the recognition sequence for the restriction enzyme and affects its ability to cut the DNA. Indicate which of the 2 alleles (taster or non-taster) is cut by the restriction enzyme. 2. Predict the size of the expected DNA fragments after restriction digest for the two alternative SNP sequences (the taster and the non-taster).i.) Taster allele after being cut ii.) Non-taster allele after being cut1. Describe several different DNA repair mechanisms. Which ones contribute to mutations? 2. What is the difference between an ortholog and a paralog1. What are the new DNA sequences and the corresponding new amino acid sequencesof these two mutations? (2 answers: 1 for T-deletion; the other for G-insertion.
