1.What colony characterisitics can be used for differentiation of bacterial species? As an example, compare the properties of colonies of Serratia marcescens and Micrococcus luteus on your streak plate. 2.Define the term colony as it relates to bacterial growth on solid media? 3. why is dilution a necessary part of pure culture preperation? 4.What advantage(s) does the streak-plate method have over the pour-plate method?

1.What colony characterisitics can be used for differentiation of bacterial species? As an example, compare the properties of colonies of Serratia marcescens and Micrococcus luteus on your streak plate. 2.Define the term colony as it relates to bacterial growth on solid media? 3. why is dilution a necessary part of pure culture preperation? 4.What advantage(s) does the streak-plate method have over the pour-plate method?

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305143531

Author:CURREN

Publisher:CURREN

Chapter9: Parenteral Medication Labels And Dosage Calculation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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1.why is gram stain considered a differential stain? 2.How do gram positive and gram negative bacteria differ in cellular structure, and how does this contribute to their differential staining properties? 3.How does the age of a culture affect the gram stain reaction? What is an optimum culture age for a valid gram reaction? 4.Which step in the gram stain procedure is most prone to error?If done correctly how might that step affect the end result? 5.what is the function of mordant, and which reagent serves this purpose in the gram stain procedure? 6.List the reagents of the gram star technique in order and their general role in the staining process. 7.In what type of cell, gram -positive or gram-negative , would you find lipopolysaccharide in its cell wall?
1) What are all of the different colony types that can be seen on a mixed-culture streak plate? 2) What kinds of colonies can be seen when mixed cultures of E. coli, M. luteus, and Serratia marcesens? 3) What is the range of colonies that may be seen with each mixed culture?
1) both streak plating and pour plating produce isoluated colonies. What is the underlying explanation for why both methods work; that is, what are both methods doing with repect to the bacterial cells? 2) If streak plates failed to produce isolated colonies, describe two things that you could do to improve your chance of generating isolated colonies. 3) Why do we care so much about producing isolated colonies? what is an isolated colony composed of? What can you do with an isolated colony?
1) based on the difference in appearance between mixed culture streak plates and broth culture plates, what would lead you to believe that you have created a pure culture when you inoculated the broths? 2) when using the loop dilution technique to produce pour plates, did all the plates produce isolated colonies? If your goal was to ultimately create pure cultures of E. coli, M. luteus, and S. morcescens, which plate or which dilution would you use, and why would you use this plate? 3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of streak plating compared with pour plating?
1. What is the most common sterilization technique used in laboratories? 2. List at least 5 procedures of the aseptic technique and describe its uses. 3. Why is Gram stain one of the most important and widely used stains in bacteriology? 4. Explain the Gram staining technique in chronological order. Indicate the reagent used and the time of usage on each reagent.
What is the purpose of diluting a culture by making "quadrant streaks" (or "streak plating") bacteria, and what can we use them for? Check all that apply A. To observe colony morphology/color B. To isolate viral plaques C. testing growth conditions or treatments (such as media, antibiotics, incubation temperature etc.,) D. To isolate a clonal population of bacteria from the rest of the culture E. For subculturing (transferring to new media so we can grow more bacteria, storing the plate in a fridge for repeated use so the bacteria don't die quickly) F. Accurate quantification (to calculate CFU/mL) G. To know what strain of bacteria you're working with, since you can tell based on how it looks on the plate. H. To lower risk of contamination/identify contamination
1.What advantage(s) does the pour plate method have over the streak-plate method? 2.Why is the loop flamed before it is placed in a culture tube? Why is it flamed after completing the inoculation? 3.Before inoculating and pouring molten nutrient agar into a plate, why must the agar first be cooled to 50° C? 4.Explain why plates should be inverted during incubation. 5.Explain why plates should be inverted during incubation.
1. Explain why the following steps are essential during sub-culturing: a. Flaming the inoculating instrument prior to and after each inoculation b. Holding the test tube caps in the hand as illustrated in Figure 1. c. Cooling the inoculating instrument prior to obtaining the inoculum d. Flaming the neck of the tubes immediately after uncapping and before recapping 2. Describe the purposes of the sub-culture procedure. 3. Explain why a straight inoculating needle is used to inoculate an agar deep tube. 4. What is the indication of bacterial growth in each of the media? (nutrient broth, nutrient agar slant, nutrient agar deep? 5. Enumerate the Good Microbiological Practices encountered in the activity. 6. Upon observation of the nutrient agar slant culture, you strongly suspect that the culture is contaminated. Outline the method you would follow to ascertain whether your suspicion is justified.
2.How do gram positive and gram negative bacteria differ in cellular structure, and how does this contribute to their differential staining properties? 3.How does the age of a culture affect the gram stain reaction? What is an optimum culture age for a valid gram reaction? 4.Which step in the gram stain procedure is most prone to error?If done correctly how might that step affect the end result? 5.what is the function of mordant, and which reagent serves this purpose in the gram stain procedure? 6.List the reagents of the gram star technique in order and their general role in the staining process. 7.In what type of cell, gram -positive or gram-negative , would you find lipopolysaccharide in its cell wall?
To determine the number of cells in a pure culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae, you have performed a serial dilution using three tubes of sterile saline (9.9 ml each). A sample of 0.1 ml from the culture was added to tube 1. Similarly, 0.1 ml from tube 1 was used to inoculate tube 2, and tube 3 was inoculated using 0.1 ml from tube 2. A nutrient agar plate was then inoculated using 0.1 ml from tube 3 and incubated overnight. The next day, 92 colonies were observed on the plate. How many cfu/ml were in the original culture? Using a Petroff-Hauser counting chamber, the number of cells in the same culture was estimated to be 8.5 • 109 cells/ml. How can you explain these results?
1. How is UV radiation a good type of control mechanism against microbial growth? Please explain what happens to the microbe and effects this control causes. 2. Suppose you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and tetracycline. You record diameters of 20mm for tetracycline and 24mm for penicillin. Which antibiotic is most effective against this bacterium and why? Please explain and interpret these results. 3. Please provide the scientific name of your microbe that was used in the UV experiment (i.e. S. aureus). Compare your plates and interpret/analyze your results. Please discuss your findings and any patterns you were able to gather. 4. After performing the “Effects of Antiseptics & Disinfectants” lab which agent(s) showed potential to control S. marcescens growth? P. aeruginosa? Please explain why you believe these agent(s) work. 5. What purpose does water serve in the “Effects of Antiseptics & Disinfectants” lab? What did you…
1. Sally Monella found 344 bacterial colonies on one of her plates. She had prepared this plate after a serial dilution of a culture of Yersinia pestis. She had pipetted 1 ml sample of diluted Yersinia pestis from a tube with the overall dilution factor of 106 into a plate and covered it with agar. She used this plate to calculate the concentration in cells/ml of a bacterial culture. a) How many organisms were in the original culture? b) Were her results valid? Why or why not?