2) An individual plasma [Na+] is measured and found to be 130 mEq/L (normal = 145 mEq/L). What is the patient's estimated plasma osmolality? (Normal osmolality of the plasma is 290 mOsm/Kg H2O).
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![2) An individual plasma [Na+] is measured
and found to be 130 mEq/L (normal = 145
mEq/L). What is the patient's estimated
plasma osmolality? (Normal osmolality of
the plasma is 290 mOsm/Kg H2O).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5169d6d3-e793-40bb-8b56-5b0bb46b9ffa%2Fd59e2545-f6a3-4115-9ee3-f1ec665a3dd6%2F6v9jeln_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- What are major factors that determine blood osmolality? The osmolality of 0.9% NaCl is ___________. How is the osmolality different from the molarity? Also, predict the effect of 1 L of 600 mOsm/L infusion of sucrose on patients RBC’s osmolality and volume, if previous osmolality of RBC’s was 250 mOsm/L, plasma volume – 3.6 L and RBC’s volume – 2.4 L.A 5% dextrose is isoosmotic to plasma. What effect would infusion of 1L of a 5% dextrose solution have on ECF and ICF volumes? How it would affect body fluid osmolality of a 70 kg individual and why?7.Your patient weights 160 lbs. Her hematocrit is 43%. Calculate her blood volume in L 8.Your patient weights 150 lbs. Calculate her ISF volume in L 9. The 10-month old patient with hyponatremia (from our osmolarity case study) had a serum osmolarity of 255 mOsm/L. Given the normal neuronal osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L, answer the following: A. Compared to the neuronal ICF, is the ECF space hyperosmotic/hyposmotic/isosmotic? B. What effect does this have on the neurons? ( C. What effect might this have on the brain? Why? 9.
- Sodium and chloride are the predominant electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. A. True B. FalsePatient with dehydration was started on fluid therapy. If 5% dextrose is isoosmotic to plasma what effect would infusion of 1L of a 10% dextrose solution have on ECF and ICF volumes? How it would affect body fluid osmolality of a 70 kg individual and why?What is the total serum osmolarity of a patient with the following laboratory values? (hint: none of these particles dissociate in water). Sodium, 136mmol/L Bicarbonate, 21mmol/L Potassium, 3.2mmol/L Glucose, 6.4mmol/L Chloride, 100mmol/L Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), 9.5mmol/L
- The osmolarity of plasma is maintained at about 300 mOsM. What would the osmolarity inside a red blood cell need to be to maintain osmotic equilibrium between the intracellular fluid and plasma? Give one specific reason why it is important to maintain plasma omolarity within a narrow range of values.Serum osmolality increases by about ____ mOsm/kg for each 60 mg/dL increase in serum ethanol. a. 1 mOsm/kg b. 10 mOsm/kg c. 15 mOsm/kg d. 20 mOsm/kgCompare and contrast the relative concentrations of major electrolytes in intracellular and extracellular fluids.
- With regard to fluid movement between body fluid compartments, what effect does oral/parenteral administration of a hypotonic NaCl solution (0.45% NaCl, 145 mOsm/kg) have on the volume & osmolality of the extracellular fluid compartment (ECF), and on the volume & osmolality of the intracellular fluid compartment (ICF)? Clearly explain your reasoningWhat is the osmolarity of the solution? Is it hypertonic, isotonic, or hypotonic with blood plasma (0.30 osmol)? Discuss possible medicinal reasons forthe osmolarity of the solution.Explain how the body detects changes in the osmolality of plasma and describe the regulatory mechanisms by which a proper range of plasma osmolality is maintained.
