2. The article "How to Optimize and Control the Wire Bonding Process" described an experiment carried out to assess the impact of the variables force (gm), x1 and temperature(degree Celsius), x2 on ball bond shear strength(gm),y. The following data were generated: Observation Force Temperature Strength 1 30 175 26.2 40 175 26.3 30 40 175 39.8 4 175 39.7 5 30 225 38.6 40 35.5 225 225 7 30 48.8 8 40 225 37.8 9 30 175 26.6 10 40 175 23.4 a. Find the regression equation representing the ball bond shear strength in terms force and temperature. b. Determine whether the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the force and temperature are useful for predicting the ball bond shear strength at 5% level of significance. 2 3
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- The article “Effect of Varying Solids Concentration and Organic Loading on the Performance of Temperature Phased Anaerobic Digestion Process” (S. Vandenburgh and T. Ellis, Water Environment Research, 2002:142–148) discusses experiments to determine the effect of the solids concentration on the performance of treatment methods for wastewater sludge. In the first experiment, the concentration of solids (in g/L) was 43.94 ± 1.18. In the second experiment, which was independent of the first, the concentration was 48.66 ± 1.76. Estimate the difference in the concentration between the two experiments, and find the uncertainty in the estimate.5. A consumer buying cooperative tested the effective heating area of 20 different electric space heaters with different wattages. Here are the results. Heater Wattage Area 1 750 291 2 1,750 83 3 1,250 215 4 1,750 209 5 1,500 295 6 750 153 7 1,000 40 8 750 166 9 1,250 115 10 1,250 146 11 750 113 12 1,000 56 13 1,750 284 14 1,000 45 15 750 82 16 1,250 175 17 750 150 18 1,500 231 19 1,000 87 20 750 52 Click here for the Excel Data FileRequired:a. Compute the correlation between the wattage and heating area. Is there a direct or an indirect relationship? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.) b. Conduct a test of hypothesis to determine if it is reasonable that the coefficient is greater than zero. Use the 0.050 significance level. (Round intermediate calculations and final answer to 3 decimal places.)H0: ρ ≤ 0; H1: ρ > 0 Reject H0 if t > 1.734…A consumer buying cooperative tested the effective heating area of 20 different electric space heaters with different wattages. Here are the results. Heater Wattage Area 1 1,000 290 2 750 292 3 1,500 148 4 1,250 246 5 1,250 203 6 750 85 7 1,250 237 8 1,000 139 9 1,500 64 10 1,000 171 11 1,750 163 12 1,250 175 13 750 264 14 1,500 50 15 1,750 163 16 1,500 177 17 1,250 118 18 1,750 122 19 1,000 144 20 1,500 103 Click here for the Excel Data File Compute the correlation between the wattage and heating area. Is there a direct or an indirect relationship? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.) Conduct a test of hypothesis to determine if it is reasonable that the coefficient is greater than zero. Use the 0.025 significance level. (Round intermediate calculations and final answer to 3 decimal places.) H0: ρ ≤ 0; H1: ρ > 0 Reject H0 if t…
- An investigation was conducted into the dust content in the flue gases of two types of solid-fuel boilers. Thirteen boilers of type A and nine boilers of type B were used under identical fueling and extraction conditions. Over a similar period, the quantities of dust were deposited in similar traps inserted in each of the twenty-two flues. Presented below are the collected dust content (in grams) given the source broiler type. Type A 73.1 56.4 82.1 67.2 78.7 75.1 48.0 53.3 55.5 61.5 60.6 55.2 63.1 Type B 53.0 39.3 55.8 58.8 41.2 66.6 46.0 56.4 58.9 questions are in inserted imagePCBs and Pelicans. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), industrial pollutants, are known to be carcinogens and a great danger to natural ecosystems. As a result of several studies, PCB production was banned in the United States in 1979 and by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2001. One study, published in 1972 by R. Risebrough, is titled “Effects of Environmental Pollutants Upon Animals Other Than Man” (Proceedings of the 6th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematics and Statistics, VI, University of California Press, pp. 443–463). In that study, 60 Anacapa pelican eggs were collected and measured for their shell thickness, in millimeters (mm), and concentration of PCBs, in parts per million (ppm). The data are on the WeissStats site. a. obtain and interpret the standard error of the estimate. b. obtain a residual plot and a normal probability plot of the residuals. c. decide whether you can reasonably consider Assumptions 1–3 for regression inferences met by the two…A consumer buying cooperative tested the effective heating area of 20 different electric space heaters with different wattages. Here are the results. Heater Wattage Area 1 1,000 108 2 750 291 3 1,500 100 4 1,000 43 5 1,250 68 6 1,500 181 7 1,250 254 8 750 228 9 1,500 126 10 1,500 166 11 750 45 12 750 237 13 1,000 75 14 1,750 126 15 1,750 249 16 1,750 105 17 1,750 298 18 1,250 212 19 750 98 20 750 185 Click here for the Excel Data File a. Compute the correlation between the wattage and heating area. Is there a direct or an indirect relationship? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.) b. Conduct a test of hypothesis to determine if it is reasonable that the coefficient is greater than zero. Use the 0.050 significance level. (Round intermediate calculations and final answer to 3 decimal places.)H0: ρ ≤ 0; H1: ρ > 0 Reject H0 if t > 1.734…
- b) What are the three models proposed as extensions of the GARCH model? Describe their advantages over the GARCH.A dietitian wishes to see if a person’s cholesterol level will be changed if the diet is supplemented by a certain mineral. Four subjects were pre-tested, and they took the mineral supplement for a 6-week period. The results are shown in the table. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the population mean of cholesterol levels has been changed after six weeks at α=0.2α=0.2? Assume that the differences are from an approximately normally distributed population. Subject Cholestrol Level (mg/dl) Cholestrol Level after 6 Weeks (mg/dl) dd ¯dd¯ (d−¯d)2(d-d¯)2 1 206 217 11 2 219 184 -35 3 202 204 2 4 213 205 -8 Total -30 a) Calculate the mean, the sum of the squared deviation from the mean, and the standard deviation of differences. Do not include the unit for each answer: ¯d=d¯= (do not round) ∑(d−¯d)2=∑(d-d¯)2= (do not round) sd=sd= (rounded to one decimal place) b) Perform the hypothesis test in the following steps: Step 1.…4) Here are data on the lengths of male and female roaches (in mm). Your job is to find out if there is adifference between male and female roaches (this should be two sided - why?).males 15.4 13.9 12.7 9.6 6.6 10.7 9.9 13.3 16.2 9.0 11.4 16.6 12.2females 16.7 16.3 12.8 16.9 15.1 12.8 18.7 18.3 8.6 13.6 15.3 16.2 13.4It's up to you to figure out what the best procedure is, what kind of hypotheses to use, which α to use,what test to use, and so on. Make sure you follow all the appropriate steps. You should probably use Ras you’ll get done much quicker. Remember to very clearly state your results in writing. Never turn in just an R printout .Hint: how do you decide which test to use? What kind of distributions do the data have?
- An article in Technometrics (1974, Vol. 16, pp. 523–531) considered the following stack-loss data from a plant oxidizing ammonia to nitric acid. Twenty-one daily responses of stack loss (the amount of ammonia escaping) were measured with air flow x1, temperature x2, and acid concentration x3. y = 42, 37, 37, 28, 18, 18, 19, 20, 15, 14, 14, 13, 11, 12, 8, 7, 8, 8, 9, 15, 15 x1 = 80, 80, 75, 62, 62, 62, 62, 62, 58, 58, 58, 58, 58, 58, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 56, 70 x2 = 27, 27, 25, 24, 22, 23, 24, 24, 23, 18, 18, 17, 18, 19, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20 x3 = 89, 88, 90, 87, 87, 87, 93, 93, 87, 80, 89, 88, 82, 93, 89, 86, 72, 79, 80, 82, 91 (a) Fit a linear regression model relating the results of the stack loss to the three regressor variables. (b) Estimate σ2. (c) Find the standard error se(βj). (d) Use the model in part (a) to predict stack loss when x1 = 60, x2 = 26, and x3 = 85.2- An expert estimates that the distribution parameter for durability times of parts produced with machine A in the factory is different from the distribution parameter for durability times of parts produced with machine B. Durability times of 4 parts produced from machine A and 4 parts produced from machine B are given below. Find the Mann-Whitney U value by using these data. a) 18 B) 6 NS) 16 D) 20 TO) 12The Turbine Oil Oxidation Test (TOST) and the Rotating Bomb Oxidation Test (RBOT) are two different procedures for evaluating the oxidation stability of steam turbine oils. An article reported the accompanying observations on x = TOST time (hr) and y = RBOT time (min) for 12 oil specimens. TOST 4200 3600 3750 3650 4050 2770 RBOT 370 345 375 315 350 205 TOST 4870 4525 3450 2700 3750 3325 RBOT 400 380 285 220 345 290 (a) Calculate the value of the sample correlation coefficient. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) r = Carry out a test of hypotheses to decide whether RBOT Time and TOST time are linearly related. (Use ? = 0.05.) Calculate the test statistic and determine the P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to three decimal places.) t = P-value =