How do the components of a conjugate acid—base pair differ from one another4? Give an example of a conjugate acid—base pair to illustrate your answer.
Interpretation:
The difference between a conjugate acid-base pair should be explained with the help of an example.
Concept Introduction:
According to Lowry-Bronsted acid base theory an acid is defined as a substance that is capable of donating protons(H+ ions) whereas a base is a substance that is capable of abstracting protons (H+ ions). Further they have stated that any acid would have a conjugated base while any given base also has its conjugated acid.
The difference can be explained using an example of buffer system which is acetic buffer system that contains CH3 COO-/CH3 COOH as the conjugate acid-base pair.
When acetic acid is dissolved in water it releases a proton to the medium and then functions as an acid. In that case water acts as the base which grabs or abstracts the released proton as shown by equation (1)
The acetate ion (CH3 COO- ) which is formed in this instance could abstract a proton from the hydronium ion (H3 O+ ) and function as a base. In that case the hydronium ion (H3 O+ ) becomes an acid as shown by equation (2)
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