2B. Calculate the total number of ATP that will be generated from the complete B-oxidation of oncobic acid(CH:(CH,),CH=CH(CH,),COOH; 15:1 cis-A9) in an organism that has all the standard required enzymes formetabolism but which pumps only 2 H" in complex I, 0 H' in complex II, 2 H* in complex III and 4 H' in complexIV. The F,F, ATPase is composed of 3 a/ß subunits and 10 c subunits. Show all of your calculations.HO

For a fatty acid with an odd number of carbons, beta-oxidation still occurs as usual, removing 2…

Answered: 2B. Calculate the total number of ATP…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter21: Photosynthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8P

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Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
The Krebs cycle converts ________ through a cycle of reactions. In the process, ATP, ________, and ________ are produced. acetyl CoA; FAD, NAD acetyl CoA; FADH2; NADH pyruvate; NAD; FADH2 pyruvate; oxygen; oxaloacetate
1. Under anaerobic conditions where does the NAD⁺ necessary for the complete oxidation of glucose come from? a. oxidation of acetaldehyde b. reduction of pyruvate c. reduction of lactate d. oxidation of ethanol
1. Under aerobic catabolism of glucose, in which compartment of the eukaryotic cell does the following reactions occur? a. Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. b. Conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate c. Conversion of NADH to ATP d. Conversion of phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate 2. Describe various mechanisms for regulation of blood glucose. 3. Give an account of β – oxidation of saturated even carbon fatty acid (Palmitic acid) along with the total ATPs obtained.
2. One manifestation of cytochrome oxidase deficiency in humans is severe muscle weakness. Briefly explain why. 3. Clostridium bacteria are killed in the presence of molecular oxygen. Would you expect Clostridium to produce catalase? Briefly explain.
1. Explain the Chemiosmotic theory with regard to ATP generation in oxidative phosphorylation. 2. Explain how Phosphorylase activation differs between the liver and the muscle. What is the role of Epinephrine in Glycogen metabolism. 3. List all the materials required for beta-oxidation of cholesterol from six-carbon intermediate Mevalonate.
12. Which of the following statement about coenzymes is not correct? The adenosine monophosphate component of NAD+ does not participate in the redox reaction. Ubiquinones such as coenzyme Q can be reduced in two steps involving one electron each. The flavins can transfer or take up electrons in single-electron steps but they are not able to undergo two-electron reductions. The oxidation of glucose is coupled to the generation of both NADH and FADH2. The 2’ hydroxyl group of the AMP portion of NAD+/NADH can be phosphorylated to become NADP+/NADPH.
1, Using Model 10.9, draw the structure of the substrates of the pentose phosphate pathway and write down the enzymes and coenzymes that are involved in the reaction
Write out the balanced chemical equation for the FIRST round of oxidation of C16:cis-9.
4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.
When ATP and xylose are added to hexokinase, the enzyme produces a small amount of xylose-5-phosphate along with a large amount of ADP. How does this observation support the induced fit model?
5. Match the features of metabolic pathways in Column A with the most appropriate statement in Column B. Column A Column B a. ketone bodies b. glucogenic amino acids c. acetyl CoA d. pyruvate e. UDP-glucose f. FADH2 g. β-oxidation h. oxidative deamination i. transamination j. chemiosmotic theory ___ catabolism of alanine and threonine to form pyruvate ___ provides activated glucosyl compound to form glycogen ___ a series of reactions that convert even numbered carbons of fatty acids to acetyl CoA ___ high energy compound that is formed from pyruvate derived from carbohydrates ___ the transfer of amino groups of glutamate to oxaloacetate to form α-ketoglutarate and aspartate ___ formation of acetoacetate from AcCoA following fatty acid oxidation ___ oxidized by CoQ to provide electrons for the electron transport chain ___ formed as a result of oxidation of glucose ___ formation of -ketoglutaric acid and NH4+ from glutamate in the presence of glutamate dehydrogenase ___ formation of…

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