4. (a) Create two children from the following two parents using Ordered Crossover (OX) operator. Then perfor mutation operator by swapping gene 4 and gene 8 for each children. Parent 1: 8 5 2 1 4 37 9 6 Parent 2: 19 6 45 3 2 8 7 (b) Why do we use mut in gonotie olgorithms
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- 1. a) If you were at risk of a fatal disease such as Huntington’s disease and only the 95% accurate preliminary genetic test was available, would you take the test? After all, 95% of the time the test would tell you whether you would eventually get Huntington’s disease or whether you did not have to worry about getting this disease. b) The linkage distance between the DNA sequence used in the test and the actual Huntington’ disease locus was 5%. In a large sample of the Venezuelan family, what percentage of people would inherit the DNA sequence but not the Huntington’s allele (i.e. be a false positive test for Huntington’s)? What percentage of that large Venezuelan family would not inherit the DNA sequence but would inherit the Huntington’s allele (i.e., be a false negative test for Huntington’s)?2. You are making a genetic map and use a cross to measure the distance between genes H and J as 40cMand the distance between J and M as 20cM. When you measure the distance between genes H and M, you get 50 cM. Do the following (A-C). (A) Draw and label a map of genes H, J, and M. (B) What is the genetic distance between genes H and M? How do you know? (Answer in 1 sentence) (C) Complete the table (right). For each pair of genes, write “yes” or “no” to indicate whether the pair of genes are“linked genes” and/orpart of the same“linkage group”.2)A,B,C, and D are genes linked on the same chromosome. Given the following recombination frequencies, what is the gene order? A-B 15%, B-C 26%, C-D 30%, A-C 11%,A-D 19%, and B-D 4%.
- I am trying to understand how linkage works, and I am hoping someone can explain how to solve the following problem: The diagram shows the linkage maps for four genes: A, B, C, and D. Which genes are most likely to undergo recombination? Which genes are least likely to recombine? A.) A and D B.) C and D C.) B and CGiven the experimental set up below, and knowing the genes for stalked eyes (st) and black bodies (b) are on the same chromosome and recessive to wild type (un-stalked eyes and light body). F2= a=489, b=56, c=497, d=49 A) How many recombinant animals are in the F2 generation? B) ( How far apart, (as both a % recombination and in map units) are the stalk eyed and black bodied genes on this chromosome?Genes D, E and F are located on the same chromosome. From a three-point testcross mapping experiment, the following phenotypes were observed in the offspring: D E F 365 d E F 3 d e f 367 D e f 4 d E f 110 D E f 25 D e F 105 d e F 21 1. Which is the correct gene sequence? A. EFD B. DEF C. EDF D. FED 2. What is the distance between D and E in mu? 3. What is the distance between F and E in mu? 4. What is the distance between D and F in mu? 5. What is the coefficient of coincidence?
- You are studying 5 genes: a, b, c, d, and e. In an attempt to map them, you perform a series of two-point crosses with the results listed below. Select the appropriate gene order based on the results of your experiment. a-b = 20 map units; a-c = 16 map units; a-d = 12 map unit; b-d = 8 map units; b-e = 4 map units; c-d = 28 map units; c-e = 40 map units; d-e = 12 map units. Group of answer choices 1)e-b-a-c-d 2)e-b-d-a-c 3)a-c-e-b-d 4)a-b-c-d-eRecombination frequencies between four genetically-linked loci in corn are shown in the following table: Loci Recombination Frequency (%) R and Q 45 W and Q 60 R and W 15 Q and L 10 L and R 35 What is the order of the genes on the chromosome? (note: The same answer can be represented forward or backwards. e.g. A B C D = D C B A) RQWL LQWR QWLR QRLW WRLQRecombination frequencies between four genetically-linked loci in corn are shown in the following table: Loci Recombination Frequency (%) L and Q 20 Q and R 50 R and L 30 Q and W 13 L and W 7 What is the order of the genes on the chromosome? (note: The same answer can be represented forward or backwards. e.g. A B C D = D C B A) LQWR RQWL LRQW QRLW RLWQ
- 1. a. Examine the following image showing the results of an ALU insert gel-like. The first lane is the molecular marker. How many + alleles are represented in lanes 2-8? Assume each lane is an individual's amplified diploid DNA. b.The first lane is the molecular marker. How many - alleles are represented in lanes 2-8? Assume each lane is an individual's amplified diploid DNA. c.The first lane is the molecular marker. If lanes 2-8 represent the seven students in the class, what is the frequency of the + allele in this small population? d. If this gel represents the genotypes of all 7 students in a class, what is the EXPECTED number of people that would have a +/+ genotype if this small population were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (To nearest tenth)Which of the following statements about linkage disequilibrium is false? a.) A new mutation first exists in a state of perfect, chromosome-wide linkage disequilibrium b.) Linkage disequilibrium is a statistical state detected when two loci segregate independently c.) Linkage disequilibrium is a transient state that can disappear with genetic recombination d.) Physical linkage is required for two loci to be in a state of linkage disequilibrium.Consider the genetic map below. (a) In a total of 1000 observed progeny, how many would be expected to be parental, non-recombinant? (b) If the total number of observed double-crossover recombinant progeny is 0, what is the interference? Show step by step work for full credit. A-------10cm-----B—2.5cm----C