5. Treatment of the patients with familial hypercholesterolemia by statins(pravastatin, for instants) allows to decrease cholesterol levels in blood up to thenormal range. Explain the statin action on the cholesterol metabolism. For that:a) draw the scheme of the cholesterol synthesis, indicate the key enzyme of thepathway;b) name all mechanisms of the key enzyme regulation and statin's action;c) describe the structure of LDL receptor and its function in cholesterolmetabolism;d) explain the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia and the symptoms of thedisease.

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant condition. It is linked to early…

Answered: 5. Treatment of the patients with…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK

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Similar questions

1. Describe the reaction catalyzed by salivary amylase. To which class of enzymes does amylase belong? Explain thoroughly.
1. There are two metabolic routes for the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). What factors likely indicate which route is used? Do the two routes have different requirements for cellular energy (e.g. ATP)? 2. Compare the export of glucose from hepatocytes to the import into hepatocytes. 3. Would you expect anaplerotic reactions to be active in the postprandial hepatocyte? Why?
1) The major function of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is to, choose all correct answers. (A) bind high density lipoprotein (HDL). (B) transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues. (C) serve as a precursor for cholesterol biosynthesis. (D) transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver. (E) serve as a site for the esterification of cholesterol. 2). Individual with the genetic disease of Familial hypercholesterolemia have higher levels of cholesterol in the blood, which of the following could cause this disease: (A) deregulated biosynthesis of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors (B) high dietary cholesterol (C) plaque formation in the arteries. (D) high cholesterol biosynthesis in liver tissue. (E) deregulated biosynthesis of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 3) The enzyme inorganic pyrophosphatase utilizes ____ as its substrate. A). ATP B). ADP C). AMP D). PPi E). phosphate
1) How is the TCA cycle regulated? a) Draw the TCA diagram that fills in all possible regulation points.
1.How does compromised pyruvate kinase activity lead to anemia? 2.In your own words, what do you think is/are the reason/s why most of the clinical features of these diseases involve muscle and nerve tissue(Deficiencies of a-KG dehydrogenase, succinate de-hydrogenase SDH and fumarase?
1. Describe briefly the hydrolysis reaction for carbohydrates as indicated to the picture A. What organ is responsible for the production of insulin and glucagon? B. Where does glycogen get stored?
1.A patient with chronic pancreatitis and hence decreased secretory function of pancreas was prescribed an enzymatic drug «Enzystal» before each meal. Explain this prescription. For that: a)Name pansreatic enzymes, participating in digestion of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. What is their pH optimum and how is it reached in duodenum? b) Draw the scheme representing the cascade of activation of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. Indicate the mechanism ofactivation and its reversability c)Why are proteolytic enzymes secreted by pancreas in inactive form? d)What recommendations on diet can be given to this patient?
1. Discuss fully the synthesis of triacylglycerol in the adipose tissue, muscles, intestines and liver. 2. Describe adequately the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. 3. Discuss the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies.
1. Select the INCORRECT statement about Glutamate dehydrogenase : a. Catalyzes the removal of NH4+ into glutamate b.Catalyzes the incorporation of NH*4 into a-ketoglutarate c. Catalyzes the removal of NH*4 from glutamate C d. Catalyzes the incorporation of NH'4 into a-keto acid
1. What is the optimum pH and temperature for salivary amylase?
1.Enumerate the enzymes of the alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and write its mechanism of action
11. Why is the transport of glucose from the lumen of the small intestine to the bloodstream considered to be secondary active transport? a. It moves glucose through the intestinal epithelial cell and thus requires metabolic energy b. it requires the cotransport of glucose and potassium ions c. it relies on the establishment of pre-existing sodium gradients d. It requires no ATP energy at all. e. It generates a "futile cycle" of potassium import into and export from the gut epithelial cell.

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