6) Consider the soil profile given in the figure below. A uniformly distributed wide-spread surcharge load of 100 kN/m? is applied on the ground surface. 个个倚个 I L100 kNim SAND Yue=21 kNm 5m 2 m IA CLAY 4 m Yu-19 kNim Effective stress range (kN/m) (m&N) 0-100 2.6 x 104 II II 100-200 1.1 x 104 100 a) A piezometer is installed at point A to monitor the variation of pore pressure during the consolidatio process. A certain time period after the application of the surcharge load, the height of the water above the tip of the piezometer is measured as 15m. What is the degree of consolidation at point A at that time? b) Using the idealized bilinear void ratio-effective stress relationship given for the clay layer, calculate the final consolidation settlement. (Remainder: S.=H.m,.Ds)

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Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.