7- Consider a composite structure shown on below. Conductivities of the layer are: kl = k3 = 10 W/mK, k2 = 16 W/mK, and k4 = 46 W/mK. The convection coefficient on the right side of the composite is 30 W/m2K. Calculate the total heat flow through the composite. Answ(173.9W) %3D
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- In order to reduce the heat loss through a large furnace wall, the decision has been made to add external insulation. Calculate the thickness of insulation required to reduce the heat loss by 75%. Before the change is made, no outer steel shell is used.Data: Refractory brick and wall brick:k = 0.87 W m-1 K-1Insulation: k = 0.090 W m-1 K-1•Steel: k = 43 W m-1 K-1h = 55 W m-1 K-1 (inside furnace).h = 11 W m-1 K-1 (outside furnace).Can u continue the question 5 to 7 5. Calculate the change in heat energy of the submarine’s outer haul, when it descends from the surface to a depth of 3,500m (with an average temperature of 20°C). 6. Calculate the power of the submarine’s electrical heater needed, to maintain the interior of outer hull at 30°C. The exterior of outer hull is 10°C. (Assume heat of the submarine is only lost across the outer hull) 7. Suggest aerospace applications of ballast.Consider a closed cylindrical reactor vessel of diameter D= 1 ft, and length L= 1.5 ft. The surface temperature of the vessel, T1, and the surrounding temperature, T2, are 390 deg. F and 50 deg. F, respectively. The convective heat transfer coefficient, h, between the vessel wall and surrounding fluid is 4.0 Btu/h . ft . ⁰F. Calculate the thermal resistance in ⁰F .h/Btu.
- For a flat corrugated galvanized steel (conductivity = 26 W/m.K) roof 1/32 in. thick lined with a ¼ in. asbestos-cement (conductivity = 1.2 W/m.K) ceiling 6 inches below the roof, with downward heat flow, calculate the overall thermal transmittance of the roof.A furnace wall is to consist in series of 7 in of kaolin firebrick, 6 in of kaolin insulating brick, and sufficientfireclay brick to reduce the heat loss to 100 Btu/ hr ft2 when the face temperatures are 1500 and 100°F,respectively.a) Show the figure of the systemb) What thickness of fireclay brick should be used?c) If an effective air gap of 1/8 in can be incorporated between the fireclay and insulating brick whenerecting the wall without impairing its structural support, what thickness of insulating brick will berequired?The heat conducts through the shape below. The temperature of the right face is 93 °C, while the left face is at 23 °C. If the top and bottom faces are completely insulated, and the thermal conductivity of the material decreases with decreasing temperature. * Assume that the thermal conductivity is 100 at 23, decreased to 10 at 93. A) Sketch the temperature profile inside the plate. B) If both sides of the plate in the above problem is exposed to air: Left side (h = 20 W/m2K, TL = 20 °C) and right side (h = 90 W/m2K). Calculate the temperature of the air on the right side.
- A food cold storage room is to be constructed of an inner layer of 19.1 mm of pine wood, a middle layer of cork board, and an outer layer of 50.8 mm of concrete. The inside wall surface temperature is -17.8°C and the outside surface temperature is 29.4 °C at the outer concrete surface. The mean conductivities are for pine, 0.151; cork, 0.0433; and concrete, 0.762 W/m·K. The total inside surface area of the room to use in the calculation is approximately 39 m2 (neglecting corner and end effects). What thickness of cork board is needed to keep the heat loss to 586 W?What is the fin effectiveness of a rectangular plate fin made of aluminum O.3 mm thick mounted on a 16-mm-OD tube if the vertical tube spacing is 50 mm and the horizontal spacing is 40 mm? The air-side heat-transfer coefficient is 65 W/m2 • K, and the conductivity of aluminum is 202 W/m • K. Ans. ƞ is 0. 72 Please provide a comprehensive step by step solution on how to get the answer.The 4-mm-thick rear window of an automobile is defogged by passing warm air over its inner surface. Warm air temperature is at T,1 = 40C and corresponding convection coefficient is h1 =30 W/(m2·K). Outer ambient temperature T,2 = 5C and corresponding convection coefficient is h2 = 70 W/(m2·K). The size of the window is 0.5 m (height) 1.5 m (width). A. Draw two thermal circuits (one based on heat rate and one based on heat flux) considering the convection occurring over inner and outer surfaces and the conduction through the window. Show the equations for the thermal resistances in the circuits.B. Determine the total thermal resistance based on heat flux in m2K/W andoverall heat transfer coefficient U in W/m2K. Find the thermal conductivity of glass (sodalime at 300K)C. Determine the inner and outer temperatures of the glass (that are Ts,1 and Ts,2 shown above).
- A hot steam pipe having an inside surface temperature of 250°C has an inside diameter of 8 cm and a wall thickness of 5.5 mm. It is covered with a 9-cm layer of insulation having k =0.5 W/m-°C, followed by a 4-cm layer of insulation having k =0.25W/m-°C. The outside temperature of the insulation is 20°C. Calculate the heat lost per meter of length. Assume k =47 W/m-°C for the pipe.A 1 in. o.d. (outer diameter) tube reactor is insulated with a 3 inch layer of asbestos. If the temperature of the outer surface of the insulation is 100 °F and the rate of heat loss per foot of reactor length is 50 BTU/hr, what must the temperature of the inside of the reactor be? [for asbestos, k = 0.105 BTU/hr ft °F]Clothing made of several thin layers of fabric with trapped air in between, often called ski clothing, is commonly used in cold climates because it is light, fashionable, and a very effective thermal insulator. So it is no surprise that such clothing has largely replaced thick and heavy old-fashioned coats. Consider a jacket made of five layers of 0.1-mm-thick synthetic fabric (k = 0.13 W/m·K) with 1.5-mm-thick air space (k = 0.026 W/m·K) between the layers. Assuming the inner surface temperature of the jacket to be 28°C and the surface area to be 1.25 m2, determine the rate of heat loss through the jacket when the temperature of the outdoors is 0°C and the heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface is 25 W/m2·K. What would your response be if the jacket is made of a single layer of 0.5-mm-thick synthetic fabric? What should be the thickness of a wool fabric (k = 0.035 W/m·K) if the person is to achieve the same level of thermal comfort wearing a thick wool coat instead of a…