A consumer's preferences over quantities of goods x1,x2 20 are represented by the utility function u(1, a2) = min{2·x1, 2} It has initial endowment w=(3,8). The price of good 1 is given by p1>0 and the price of good 2 is given by p2=3. Note: For the optimal decision is 3(P, 18) "1 (P1, P2, m) = Pi +6 Which of the following statements is correct? a.The consumer's net demand for good 1 is given by d1(p1)=88+p1. b.The consumer's net supply of good 1 is given by s1(p1)=66+p1.
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- 1. Use budget constraints to express consumption levels, ct and ct+1. (Hint: Use income conditions given above in the budget constraint. Notice that there are two possible states in the second period.)2. Rewrite the utility maximization problem as choosing the optimal at alone. (Hint: Replace ct and ct+1 in the utility function with your answers from point 1. Use probabilities to derive the expected value in the utility function. Remember that a random variable that takes values x1 in state one with probability p and x2 in state two with probability 1 − p has the expected value E [x] = p.x1 + (1 − p).x2)3. Derive the first order condition and find the optimal value of savings, at. (Hint: The only control (choice) variable is at)4. Does household accumulate precautionary savings to self-insure against the scenario of low income in the second period? Why or why not?how then can we find the total utility given q1=24, q2=30 and q3=15Suppose treatment for traumatic brain injuries allows treated children to live an additional 25 years with an average utility or QALY weight of .65. Draw a QALY graph and indicate the QALY's gained from treatment both without discounting and discounting using a 3% rate.
- Bob has to make a choice between three mutually exclusive options. He ranks these options from best (1) to worst (3). Because Bob is rational, he chooses the best option (1). The opportunity cost of Bob's decision is defined by the summed values of options 2 and 3 the average values of options 2 and 3 the value of option 2 the value of option 31- A consumer who starts (i.e. has an endowment) at point B, and has preferences shown by IC1, will want to borrow. Select one: True False 2-Assuming a mix of present and future consumption is preferred, ANY consumer who starts (i.e. has an endowment) at point A will gain utility from a rise in interest rates. Select one: True False 3-A consumer who starts at point B will want to borrow, but as little as possible in order to minimise the cost of interest. Select one: True False 4-If a consumer starts at point A, and then receives extra income in the present, this would appear as an outward shift of the budget constraint. Select one: True FalseBy using the expected utility theory approach with u(x)=x2, choose the optimal decision for three different possible outcomes with probabilities p(ω1)=1/2, p(ω2)=p(ω3)=1/4, rewards R(d1,ω1)=£49,R(d1,ω2)=R(d1,ω3)=£25, R(d2,ω1)=£36,R(d2,ω2)=£100,R(d2,ω3)=£0, R(d3,ω1)=£81,R(d3,ω2)=R(d3,ω3)=£0
- A woman with current wealth X has the opportunity to bet an amount on the occurrence of an event that she knows will occur with probability P. If she wagers W, she will received 2W, if the event occur and if it does not. Assume that the Bernoulli utility function takes the form u(x) = with r > 0. How much should she wager? Does her utility function exhibit CARA, DARA, IARA? Alex plays football for a local club in Kumasi. If he does not suffer any injury by the end of the season, he will get a professional contract with Kotoko, which is worth $10,000. If he is injured though, he will get a contract as a fitness coach worth $100. The probability of the injury is 10%. Describe the lottery What is the expected value of this lottery? What is the expected utility of this lottery if u(x) = Assume he could buy insurance at price P that could pay $9,900 in case of injury. What is the highest value of P that makes it worthwhile for Alex to purchase insurance? What is the certainty…Suppose that a decision maker faced with four decisions alternatives and four state of nature developing the following profit payoff table: Outcomes Alternatives S1 S2 S3 S4 A1 14 9 10 5 A2 11 10 8 7 A3 9 10 10 11 A4 8 10 11 13 Use Maximax, Maximin, Criterion of realism (? = 0.55, and ? = 0.4), Laplace, and Minimax regret to find the best alternative.select the correct answer from the options bellow: statement1 : A steep negative slope of a line in a sencitivity graf indicates that the NPW is not sencitive to change in the value of the corresponding variable. statement2: A scenario in the "scenario analysis "approach can only be one of three scenarios cases :the base case , the best case , and the worst case. (a) statement 1 and 2 are both false (b) statement 1 and 2 are both true (c) statement 1 is false but statement 2 is true (d) statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false
- Show that a decision maker who has a linear utilityfunction will rank two lotteries according to their expectedvalue.ollowing is the payoff table for the Pittsburgh Development Corporation (PDC) Condominium Project. Amounts are in millions of dollars. State of Nature Decision Alternative Strong Demand S1 Weak Demand S2 Small complex, d1 8 7 Medium complex, d2 14 5 Large complex, d3 20 -9 Suppose PDC is optimistic about the potential for the luxury high-rise condominium complex and that this optimism leads to an initial subjective probability assessment of 0.8 that demand will be strong (S1) and a corresponding probability of 0.2 that demand will be weak (S2). Assume the decision alternative to build the large condominium complex was found to be optimal using the expected value approach. Also, a sensitivity analysis was conducted for the payoffs associated with this decision alternative. It was found that the large complex remained optimal as long as the payoff for the strong demand was greater than or equal to $17.5 million and as long as the payoff for…Households live two periods and have prefernces U(c1)+βU(c2) where 0<β<1 and U is the utility function and satisfies our usual assumptions. There are N households in the economy. N1 of these have endowments y1 in the first period and no endowment in the second-these agents are called "Type 1". The remaining N2 have no endowment in the firs period and y2 in the second period- these agents are called "Type 2". Hencethe resources of the economy are N1y1 in the first period and N2y2 in the second, where N=N1+N2 Households have access to a credit market where the can borrow (s<0) or save s<0. The type 1 agent faces budget constraints y1=c11+s1 rs1=c21 where the consumption for the type i agent in period j is denoted cji. The type 2 agent faces budget constraints 0=c12+s2 y2+rs2=c22 The resource constraints are N1y1=N1c11+N2c12 N2y2=N11c21+N2c22 a) state the maximization problem solved by each type of agent and derive the fist order and second order conditions. Derive the…