a) Create a new Jupyter Notebook and start your program by asking the user for a text to encode and the shift value. Then begin the structure of your program by entering in this loop (we'll build on it more in a bit): encoded Text = *** for letter in text: encoded Text = encoded Text + letter What does this loop do? Make sure you understand what the code does before moving on!

#4. Task Programming Language and Technologies▪ C# Programming Language.▪ Visual Studio 2019.   Build a method called Encrypt to receive a string and return another string.The method will be a static.Build a method called Decrypt to return original string.The encryption method will be a very simple one: to encrypt add 1 to eachcharacter and to decrypt subtract 1 to each character.Note: we do not need to create any object of type Encrypter..

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Crypto Columns The columnar encryption scheme scrambles the letters in a message (or plaintext) using a keyword as illustrated in the following example: Suppose BATBOY is the keyword and our message is MEET ME BY THE OLD OAK TREE. Since the keyword has 6 letters, we write the message (ignoring spacing and punctuation) in a grid with 6 columns, padding with random extra letters as needed:   MEETME BYTHEO LDOAKT REENTH   Here, we've padded the message with NTH. Now the message is printed out by columns, but the columns are printed in the order determined by the letters in the keyword. Since A is the letter of the keyword that comes first in the alphabet, column 2 is printed first. The next letter, B, occurs twice. In the case of a tie like this we print the columns leftmost first, so we print column 1, then column 4. This continues, printing the remaining columns in order 5, 3 and finally 6. So, the order the columns of the grid are printed would be 2, 1, 4, 5, 3, 6, in this case. This…

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21. RSA problem: given plaintext P, e, prime numbers p, q, compute ciphertext C. Decrypt C and verify you get plaintext P back.

Explain what the following lines of code do pad = len(byteblock)%16 * (-1)byteblock_trimmed = byteblock[64:pad]ciphertext = cipher.encrypt(byteblock_trimmed)ciphertext = byteblock[0:64] + ciphertext + byteblock[pad:]

Deduce a Java program for the concept of Mutual Exclusion by using the following options. ▪ Synchronized method. ▪ Synchronized block. ▪ Static Synchronization

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In this problem, you will implement a transposition cipher that, instead of dividing the original text into odd and even characters, separates it into three sets of characters. As an example, we will use this 1977 quote by Digital Equipment Corp. president Ken Olson -- "There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home." (Spaces are represented with the square u-like character.) There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home. Rail 1: T r S d i t i h a C. e Rail 2: e a u a u in h Rail 3: a W n. m m Example three-rail transposition. The resulting encrypted text is produced by reading the text horizontally, i.e., adding the three rails: Rail 1 + Rail 2 + Rail 3 = **“Trinrs yeoda cpeitihehesoeoao u naournhro.e annnwlwt mt e m" (without the quotes). Requirements: Implement the three-rail transposition cipher above, placing your code in the file p4_2.py (template I provided, replace comment at the beginning of the file with your own code). Feel free to develop your…