ADP What is Keg for the coupled reaction?
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- QUESTION 10 True or False: The energy released by oxidation of NADH in the electron transport system is used to pump protons up their gradient. Protons flowing down their gradient are in turn used to provide the energy for phosphorylation of ADP. True FalseQuestion 1: The standard reduction potential for the the cytochrome c Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple and for the dioxygen/water redox couple. Part a: Use these values, and the relevant equation, to compute the standard free energy change for the transfer of 4 electrons from cytochrome c to dioxygen. Part b: Next, compute the free energy needed to pump four protons across the mitochondrial membrane, using the relevant equation and values of -.14V for Δψ and 1.4 for ΔpH. Part c: If energy conservation by cytochrome c oxidase involved only the four pumped protons (and standard conditions applied), what would be the efficiency of energy conservation at this step? (what is the ratio [energy conserved in the gradient] / [redox energy used] ?)Question 56 You (a healthy individual) are swimming underwater when you can no longer resist the urge to breathe. This overwhelming urg probably due to O the autorhymthic cells in your diaphragm contracting O the decrease in O 2 available to the cells of the body. O the increase in plasma H *. O the increase in pH has made your blood dangerously alkaline. 1.67
- QUESTION 2An isocitrate dehydrogenase assay was performed on the enzyme sample and found to give an absorbance change at 340nm of 0.5 absorbance units perminute. Given that the molar absorption coefficient (E) is 6220 M-1 cm-1 and the pathlength is 1cm, what is the rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction in umol perminute per mL?Question 1: When the CAC is run in reverse by microorganisms that use it to fix carbon, the citrate synthase reaction is different and is catalyzed by an enzyme called ATP-citrate lyase. Write the reaction catalyzed by ATP-citrate lyase, then briefly (in one sentence) explain why the use of different chemistry (different from the ‘normal’ direction) makes sense here.Question 1: ATP synthases contains 3 copies of each of the large subunits (called α and β in the E. coli enzyme). The number of c subunits can vary among different ATP synthases, ranging from 8 to 17. Part a: Briefly explain how this variation in the number of c subunits would affect the energetics of ATP synthesis. For a fixed value of the protonmotive force, how much energy can the gradient provide to drive one revolution of the ATP synthase, in a synthase with 8 c- subunits versus a synthase with 17 c-subunits?
- Question 1: Cytochrome c oxidase actually conserves energy not just by pumping protons from the matrix to cytosol but also by consuming protons from the matrix in production of water. If consumption of a matrix proton has a similar effect on the gradient as pumping a proton (not strictly true but a fair place to start), what would the efficiency of energy conservation be?Question:- According to Table 19-2 in Lehninger, which species would most readily donate its electron(s)? A. water B. cytochrome c (Fe2+) C. ubiquinol D. FMNH2 E. NADHQUESTION 1 a. John has just taken his Lunch meal, after which he is going to takes his Daily soccer practice match in the next 30 min, how will glycolysis operate/work in such conditions or be applicable b. How will oxidative phosphorylation work in sickly John who usually practice daily in soccer? Make possible scenarios c. Enzymes are critical in the metabolism of most most organic compounds, actually 30% of reactions are catalysed by them. How would the inactive enzymes (Sickness) in electron Transport Chain compromise the fat breakdown in the body.
- QUESTION 4 True or False: If you could label electrons and follow them to the very end of glucose catabolism, you would ultimately find them in O2. True FalseQuestion:- The enzyme aromatase is found in the cytoplasm of some cells and converts testosterone to estrogen. You decide to test aromatase from a particular cell, and oops, your lab partner admits he drastically increased the pH in all the test tubes. Which of the following is a likely result? a. The enzyme will be denatured and the substrate will not bind to the active site. b. The enzyme will convert testosterone to estrogen at a faster rate. c. The mistake will have no effect on the experiment, because enzymes are not sensitive to pH. d. The free energy will be lowered and the reaction will not proceed spontaneously.Question No. 1 Give the advantages and disadvantages of submerged fermentation and solid state fermentation. Give two examples of acetic acid fermentation.
