Amino acids are biological compounds that link together to formproteins, the workhorse molecules in living organisms. The skel-etal structures of several simple amino acids are shown here. Foreach skeletal structure, determine the hybridization about eachinterior atom.ноH2N-C-C-OHноноH2N-Ç-C-OHCH2H2N-C-C-OHCH2CH2онNH2SHb. asparagineC. cysteinea. serine

In order to determine the hybridization of each interior atom in the given structures, we will find…

Answered: Amino acids are biological compounds…

Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781133611097

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl

Chapter9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 82CWP: Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the red color of the geranium flower. It also...

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Give the hybridization of each central atom in the following molecules. (a) cyclohexene (b) phosgene, Cl2CO (c) glycine, H2NC(1)H2C(2)OOH (Note: Numbers in parentheses label each carbon atom.)
Numerous molecules are detected in deep space. Three of them are illustrated here. (a) Are these compounds isomers? (b) Indicate the hybridization of each C atom in each molecule. (c) What is the value of the HCH angle in each of the three molecules? (d) Which of these molecules is/are polar? (e) Which molecule should have the strongest carbon-carbon bond? The strongest carbon-oxygen bond?
Minoxidil (C9H15N15O) is a compound produced by the Pharmacia Upjohn Company that has been approved as a treatment for some types of male pattern baldness. Note that in such shorthand ring structures, each point where lines meet is a carbon atom and that the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms in the rings have been omitted. There will be four bonds to each carbon atom. a. Give the hybridization of the five nitrogen atoms in minoxidil. b. Give the hybridization of each of the nine carbon atoms in minoxidil. c. Give the approximate values for the bond angles marked a, b, c, d, e, and f. d. Including all the hydrogen atoms, how many bonds exist in minoxidil? e. How many bonds exist in minoxidil?
The uracil molecule is one of the bases in DNA. Estimate the approximate values of the indicated bond angles. Its skeleton (not its Lewis structure) is given below.
Consider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi bonds are there in aspirin? (b) What are the approximate values of the angles marked (in blue) A, B, and C? (c) What is the hybridization of each atom marked (in red) 1, 2, and 3?
Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the red color of the geranium flower. It also contributes to the color of ripe strawberries and raspberries. The structure of pelargondin is: How many and bonds exist in pelargondin? What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms marked 14?
The organic compound below is a member of a class known as oximes. (a) What are the hybridizations of the two C atoms and of the N atom? (b) What is the approximate CNO angle?
Which of the following molecules or ions are para-magnetic? What is the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) in each one? Assume the molecular orbital diagram in Figure 9.16 applies to all of them. (a) NO (b) OF (c) O22 (d) Ne2+
There are two compounds with the molecular formula HN3. One is called hydrogen azide; the other is cyclotriazene. (a) Write the Lewis structure for each compound. (b) Designate the hybridization of each nitrogen in hydrogen azide. (c) What is the hybridization of each nitrogen in cyclotriazene? (d) How many sigma bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (e) How many pi bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (f) Give approximate values for the N-to-N-to-N bond angles in each molecule.
Do lone pairs about a central atom affect the hybridization of the central atom? If so, how?
For the molecule allene, H2C=C=CH2, give the hybridization of each carbon atom. Will the hydrogen atoms be in the same plane or perpendicular planes?
Consider the following computer-generated model of caffeine: Complete a Lewis structure for caffeine in which all atoms have a formal charge of zero (as is typical with most organic compounds). How many C and N atoms are sp2 hybridized? How many C and N atoms are sp3 hybridized? sp hybridized? How many and bonds are there?

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