B. In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, both strands of the DNA double helix were labeled with a heavy isotope of Nitrogen (1®N) at the beginning (round 0). In subsequent rounds of replication, all new DNA is made with a light isotope of Nitrogen (“N). Isotopes have the same number of protons (the same chemical reactivity) but different numbers of neutrons and thus different atomic masses. Fill in the table on the next page with your predictions of the percentage of the double stranded DNA that would contain exclusively 1ºN, exclusively "N, or a mix of “N and tN after each round of replication. rounds of replication % DNA containing predictions for 3 proposed mechanisms of replication semi- conservative 0% 0% 100% conservative dispersive only 14N a mix of 14N and 15N only 1ºN only 14N a mix of 14N and 15N 1 |only 1ºN only 1“N a mix of 14N and 15N only 15N Concept check: What percentage of the DNA molecules have the heavy "N isotope at the beginning of the experiment (cycle 0)? Which models CANNOT be distinguished after just 1 round of replication? Where is this Nitrogen found?.

B. In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, both strands of the DNA double helix were labeled with a heavy isotope of Nitrogen (1®N) at the beginning (round 0). In subsequent rounds of replication, all new DNA is made with a light isotope of Nitrogen (“N). Isotopes have the same number of protons (the same chemical reactivity) but different numbers of neutrons and thus different atomic masses. Fill in the table on the next page with your predictions of the percentage of the double stranded DNA that would contain exclusively 1ºN, exclusively "N, or a mix of “N and tN after each round of replication. rounds of replication % DNA containing predictions for 3 proposed mechanisms of replication semi- conservative 0% 0% 100% conservative dispersive only 14N a mix of 14N and 15N only 1ºN only 14N a mix of 14N and 15N 1 |only 1ºN only 1“N a mix of 14N and 15N only 15N Concept check: What percentage of the DNA molecules have the heavy "N isotope at the beginning of the experiment (cycle 0)? Which models CANNOT be distinguished after just 1 round of replication? Where is this Nitrogen found?.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter11: Genome Alterations: Mutation And Epigenetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18QP: Replication involves a period of time during which DNA is particularly susceptible to the...

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Replication involves a period of time during which DNA is particularly susceptible to the introduction of mutations. If nucleotides can be incorporated into DNA at a rate of 20 nucleotides/second and the human genome contains 3 billion nucleotides, how long will replication take? How is this time reduced so that replication can take place in a few hours?
B. Using the DNA sequence above, write a new DNA sequence from 3’ to 5’ that incorporates a transition leading to a silent mutation in the second amino acid. Bold or underline the nucleotide that has been changed
In Semi conservative replication: A. After one round of replication of a single molecule of DNA, one DNA molecule will be produced that contains two parental strands of DNA and one DNA molecule will be produced that contains two new (or de novo) strands. B. After one round of replication of a single molecule of DNA, two resulting DNA molecules will be produced both of which contain a mix of both parental and new DNA interspersed on every strand of DNA C. After two rounds of replication of a single molecule of DNA, two resulting DNA molecules will contain both a parental strand and a new strand of DNA and the other two resulting DNA molecules will contain all new (or de novo) DNA D. After two rounds of replication of a single molecule of DNA, one resulting DNA molecule will contain 2 parental strands of DNA and the other three resulting DNA molecules will contain all new (or de novo) DNA E. A and C F. B and D
Identify two important enzymes involved in replication. Where does replication occur in the cell? What is the product of replication? Why is replication important to the cell and living organism? What is the process of copying DNA called?
1 a)The nucleotide sequence below is one half of a double stranded DNA sequence. The highlighted portion of the sequence is where a primer will bind during DNA replication. Which of the following options best represents the primer? 3’ – GCTCGACGTTCTGCGCTGTCGGGCTATGCG – 5’ a. 3’ – CGCATAGC – 5’ b. 3’ – CGCAUAGC – 5’ c. 3’ – CGUCGAGC – 5’ d. 3’ – CGUCGAGC – 5’ e. None of the above b) Which one of the following statements is true? a. The lac repressor and catabolite activator protein are both controlled by allosteric binding b. The addition of substrate to a non-competitive inhibition reaction will repress the inhibitor c. The lac repressor is inhibited by lactose through competitive inhibition d. β-galactosidase will hydrolyze galactose to form glucose and lactose e. The x-intercept of a Lineweaver-Burk plot is the numerical value for the maximum reaction velocity
1.1 What components must be available for DNA polymerase III to proceed with DNA synthesis during replication? 1.2 What will the consequences for the cell be if the following enzymes are not functioning? DNA polymerase III Primase DNA ligase
D. Using the DNA sequence above, write a new DNA sequence from 3’ to 5’ that incorporates a transversion leading to a missense mutation in the third amino acid. Bold or underline the nucleotide that has been changed and indicate the new amino acid
Define the following terms related to DNA replication: origin of replication, helicase, single-strand binding proteins, topoisomerase, primase, RNA primer, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase.
Suppose that the double stranded DNA molecule shown was broken at the sites indicated by the gaps in the sequence, and before the gaps were repaired, the fragment in the middle was inverted. Show the sequence of the repaired DNA molecule. Keep the 5’-3’ polarity of the DNA strands and DNA polymerases in mind.) 5’- TAAGCGTAACACGCTAA CAGTAATGCAGAACT GGGTCCTATTTTCGTGCGTACAC – 3’ 3’- ATTCGCATTGTGCGATT GTCATTACGTCTTGA CCCAGGATAAAAGCACGCATGTG -5’ Please note that there are 2 gaps. The second one is between the lines (between T & G in the 1st strand and A & C in the second strand)
(a) What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?(b) What is the function of DNA polymerase?(c) What are replication forks? Compare and contrast leading and lagging strands. Answer all please
1c) During DNA replication, both positive and negative supercoiling is introduced in the DNA being replicated. Name the enzymes that introduce supercoiling into DNA during replication; please clearly indicate which enzyme(s) introduce positive supercoiling and which enzyme(s) introduce negative supercoiling.
For the template DNA below, which includes one labeled end of the template DNA, clearly label the following: The origin of replication The most recently added base on each strand you draw for b & c, marked with an asterisk (star). Where DNA helicase would be & direction it moves. Where DNA ligase will be needed after replication is complete.