Chemistry You discover an organism that has an additional glycolytic enzyme that is able to convert 3-phosphoglycerate directly to pyruvate with the loss of inorganic phosphate, streamlining glycolysis. Would this enzyme be beneficial to the organism, and if so/not why?
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- (Biochemistry Topic: Electron Transport) Hypotheically, there is an animal which has the reductant DUFFH. It carries 3 electrons per molecule, and DUFF+ replaces NAD+ during metabolism. The animal has the same electron carriers as humans. How much energy (KJ) is produced for the complete oxidation of 1 mol of pyruvate under aerobic conditions in humans? What about for this animal?Chemistry Choose reaction #6 or #10 in glycolysis and write out the complete reaction. Then, answer the following questions about this reaction. Explain your reasoning for each answer. a. Is it coupled? b. Is it catalyzed by a transferase or an oxidoreductase or neither? c. Is Q > or < or ≈ to K?Briefl y discuss the function of glycolysis in bioenergetics. What role does NAD+ play in glycolysis?
- Chemistry The conversion of fumarate to oxaloacetate in the citric acid cycle yields one NADH. If the fumarate produced in the urea cycle are remade into a asparate, how many net ATP equivalents are used during urea synthesis? a)6.5 b)4.0 c)2.5 d)5.5 e)1.5Phosphorylation is one of the most common mechanisms for regulating the activity of enzymes thatfunction in metabolic pathways. What might the advantage be of exploiting a covalent modificationthat makes use of ATP as a substrate to control the activity of these enzymes?(Biochemistry topics: Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport.) There is a reciprocal regulation of glycolytic and gluconeogenic reactions interconverting fructose-6-phosphate and fructose-1,6-biphosphate. Which one of the following statements about this regulation is not correct? This regulation allows control of the direction of net metabolite flow through the pathway. Fructose-2,6- bisphosphate activates phosphofructokinase-1. Fructose-2,6-biphosphate inhibits fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. The fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase reaction is exergonic. The PFK1 reaction is exergonic.
- Biochemists spent decades looking for a "high energy intermediate" that linked the production of reducing equivalents from glycolysis and the TCA cycle to the production of ATP. They were unsuccessful until Peter Mitchell put aside that search and proposed a different mechanism known as the chemiosmotic theory. Describe the chemiosmotic theory as well as the experiment that proved it was correct.Please ASA. Thanku. In the reaction Na + Cl à Na+ + Cl-, which component is said to become ‘oxidized’ and which is considered reduced? Na, Cl Cl, Cl Na, Na Cl, NaRelating to bioenergics: d. The free energy change for a reaction does not depend on the concentrations of substrates and products. True or False?e. All processes in animal cells are at equilibrium. True or False?f. All pathways that occur in the cell are overall exergonic. True or False?
- Make a concept map using all of the following terms: GlycolysisOxidation of PyruvateCitric Acid CycleElectron Transport ChainChemiosmosisGlucoseOxidative Phos.Substrate level phosphatePyruvateacetyl-CoACO2OxygenWaterreduced elec. carriers (NADH)oxidized elec. carriers (NAD+)High enerGy Elec.Low enerGy Elec.H+ GradientADP + PiATPSCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physiciansprescribed low doses of a compound called dinitrophenol(DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method wasabandoned after some patients died. DNP uncouples thechemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of theinner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. Explain howthis could cause weight loss and death.Chemistry Most of the reactions in gluconeogenesis are the simple reversal of the ‘forward’ reactions used in glycolysis. However, formation of PEP in gluconeogenesis from pyruvate by pyruvate kinase is not feasible because the DG of this reaction is too unfavourable. Describe the source(s) of the energy used in gluconeogenesis to drive the production of PEP.