
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078022159
Author: Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Transcribed Image Text:Consider a simple congestion-control algorithm that uses linear increase and
multiplicative decrease but not slow start, that works in units of packets rather than
bytes, and that starts each connection with a congestion window equal to one
packet. Give a detailed sketch of this algorithm. Assume the delay is latency only
and that when a group of packets is sent only a single ACK is returned. Plot the
congestion window as a function of round-trip times for the situation in which the
following packets are lost: 9, 25, 30, 38, and 50. For simplicity, assume a perfect
timeout mechanism that detects a lost packet exactly 1 RTT after it is transmitted.
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- In the congestion control method of TCP we are having a connection between nodes A and node B which is called connection X. There is another TCP connection between node C and node D which is called connection Y. The initial threshold window size for connection X is 20 KB and for Y is 16 KB. Both the connections X, Y are working independently and follow the Additive increase multiplicative decrease algorithm (AIMD) for congestion control with a maximum segment size of 2 KB. The first timeout occurs at the fifth transmission in connection X and at the sixth transmission in connection Y. After every third transmission from timeout, you again encounter the timeout in both X and Y. At which transmission the connection Y reaches to the same threshold value of the connection X for the first time.arrow_forwardI need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forwardIn a two-phase, total-order multicast system, messages are sent in the following sequence from node S to G1 and G2. G1 and G2 are the members of the group. S sends m1 to G1 S sends m1 to G2 S sends m2 to G2 S sends m2 to G1 Use the basic implementation of the Lamport clock. The clock s at each node start at: S: 4, G1: 6, G2: 1. Show the exchange of messages and their acknowledgments in a clock diagram using the basic implementation of Lamport's clock. In which order and at what times are m1 and m2 delivered?arrow_forward
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