Demand for oil changes at Garcia's Garage has been as follows: Month Number of Oil Changes January 41 February 46 March 57 April May 52 59 June 51 July August 60 62 a. Use simple linear regression analysis to develop a forecasting model for monthly demand. b. Use the model to forecast demand for September, October, and November respectively
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Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
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- Olympic Pole Vault The graph in Figure 7 indicates that in recent years the winning Olympic men’s pole vault height has fallen below the value predicted by the regression line in Example 2. This might have occurred because when the pole vault was a new event there was much room for improvement in vaulters’ performances, whereas now even the best training can produce only incremental advances. Let’s see whether concentrating on more recent results gives a better predictor of future records. (a) Use the data in Table 2 (page 176) to complete the table of winning pole vault heights shown in the margin. (Note that we are using x=0 to correspond to the year 1972, where this restricted data set begins.) (b) Find the regression line for the data in part ‚(a). (c) Plot the data and the regression line on the same axes. Does the regression line seem to provide a good model for the data? (d) What does the regression line predict as the winning pole vault height for the 2012 Olympics? Compare this predicted value to the actual 2012 winning height of 5.97 m, as described on page 177. Has this new regression line provided a better prediction than the line in Example 2?Suppose a study wants to predict the market price of a certain species of turtle (Y) based on the following independent variables indicated in the table. Based from the table, what is the equation of the multiple linear regression? (Round off up to two decimal places. Market Price = 0.07 - 0.40*weight + 1.51*length + 1.41*width + 0.80*age Market Price = - 0.40*weight + 1.51*length + 1.41*width + 0.80*age Market Price = 0.07 + 0.40*weight + 1.51*length + 1.41*width + 0.80*age Market Price = 0.07 - 0.40 + weight + 1.51 + length + 1.41 + width + 0.80 + ageThe monthly premium quoted by an insurance company for a critical illness policy was collected from a sample of 6 adult male smokers at different age. The data for the sample are shown: Age 28 25 50 39 47 31 Premium ($) 75 40 175 125 250 105 Using Age to predict premium, the Linear Regression equation is given by: ŷ =6.556X−112 and r2=0.813y^=6.556X−112 and r2=0.813 a. Identify the independent and Dependent variables. Dependent: Age Premium Independent: Age Premium b. Determine the slope. Slope = Slope = Round to 3 decimal places c. Determine |r||r| . |r|=|r|= Round to 3 decimal places d. Interpret rr : and e. Determine critical r value at 5% significance level and determine if there is a significant linear correlation exists. |r| critical=|r| critical= Round to 3 decimal places Linear Correlation:Linear Correlation: Significant Not Significant f. Predict the monthly premium for a 40 years old adult male smoker.…
- The president of small manufacturing firm is concerned about the continual increase in manufacturing costs over the past several years. The following figures provide a time series of the cost per unit for the firm’s leading product over the past eight years. Year Cost/Unit ($) Year Cost/Unit ($) 1 20.00 5 26.60 2 24.50 6 30.00 3 28.20 7 31.00 4 27.50 8 36.00 Construct a time series plot. What type of pattern exists in the data? Use simple linear regression analysis to find the parameters for the line that minimizes MSE for this time series. What is the average cost increase that the firm has been realizing per year? Compute an estimate of the cost/unit for next year.Life insurance companies are keenly interested in predicting how long their customers are likely to live, because this will determine their premiums and ultimately their profitability. An Australian life insurance company is interested in the relationship, if any, between the age at death of their male customers and that of the customer’s father. Data are collected on a random sample of 100 of their male customers who have recently died. The customer’s age at death was plotted against that of their father and a linear regression model applied. Relevant output is shown below. Say how you know from the output that there actually is a significant linear relationship between a male customer’s age at death and his father’s age at death. State the value of the coefficient of Father’s Age (Death) and interpret this value in the context of the problem at hand.State the value of the coefficient of determination in the model and interpret this value in the context of the situation.Life insurance companies are keenly interested in predicting how long their customers are likely to live, because this will determine their premiums and ultimately their profitability. An Australian life insurance company is interested in the relationship, if any, between the age at death of their male customers and that of the customer’s father. Data are collected on a random sample of 100 of their male customers who have recently died. The customer’s age at death was plotted against that of their father and a linear regression model applied. Relevant output is shown below Examine both the scatterplot and the correlation matrix provided above. Comment on the apparent relationship between the customer’s age at death and their father’s age at death in the plot. Explain how the information in the correlation matrix supports your conclusion
- The owner of Original Italian Pizza restaurant chain wants to understand which variable most strongly influences the sales of his specialty deep-dish pizza. He has gathered data on the monthly sales of deep-dish pizzas at his restaurants and observations on other potentially relevant variables for each of several outlets in central Indiana. These data are provided in the file P10_04.xlsx. Estimate a simple linear regression equation between the quantity sold (Y) and each of the following candidates for the best explanatory variable: average price of deep-dish pizzas (X1), monthly advertising expenditures (X2), and disposable income per household in the areas surrounding the outlets (X3). Round your answers for intercept coefficients to the nearest whole number and slope coefficients to two decimal places, if necessary. If your answer is negative number, enter "minus" sign.A medical researcher wishes to determine how the dosage (in milliliters) of an experimental drugaffects the heart rate (in beats per minute) of patients with an elevated heart rate. The data for asample of eight patients with an elevated heart rate are provided in the following table.Drug Dosage 0 5 10 20 25 30 40 50Heart Rate 135 124 106 89 85 72 68 62(a) Determine the linear regression model that will best predict a patient’s heart rate based on thedosage of the drug received. (b) How well does the linear regression model fit this sample data? (c) If a patient with an elevated heart rate is administered a 35 ml dose of this drug, predict theresulting heart rate of the patient.Cafe michigans manager, gary starkm suspects that demand for mocha latte coffees depends on the price being charged. Based on historical observations, Gary has gathered the following data, which show the number of thesse coffees sold over six different price values: Price number sold $2.70 760 $3.50 510 $2.00 980 $4.20 250 $3.10 320 $4.05 480 Using simple linear regression and given that the price per cup is $2.80 the forecasted demand for mocha latte coffees will be [__] cups (enter your response rounded to one decimal place)
- Develop an estimated multiple linear regression model that could be used to predict the alumni giving rate using the graduation, % of Classes Under 20 (LT20), and Student/Faculty Ratio (SFR) as independent variables. Discuss your findings. School SFR LT20 GT50 GRAD FRR GIVE Arizona State 24 42% 16% 59% 81% 8% Arkansas State—Jonesboro 19 49% 4% 37% 69% 11% Auburn 18 24% 17% 66% 87% 31% Air Force 8 74% 0.10% 81% 88% 11% Military Academy 8 95% 0% 86% 92% 28% Akron 20 39% 6% 35% 69% 15% Arizona 20 35% 17% 60% 79% 5% Arkansas 18 28% 18% 58% 83% 23% Ball State 18 34% 12% 57% 78% 11% Baylor 14 49% 9% 71% 85% 14% Boise State 21 33% 11% 27% 67% 8% Boston College 14 47% 6% 91% 96% 27% Bowling Green State 19 33% 7% 61% 75% 8% BYU 21 46% 12% 78% 84% 17% SUNY 16 36% 21% 67% 88% 9% Alabama 19 46% 16% 67% 85% 34% Central Michigan 22 32% 11% 54% 78% 8% Clemson 16 51% 13% 76% 91% 28% Colorado State 18 34% 19% 64% 83% 7% Berkley 17 62% 15% 91% 97% 12%…An online market evaluation company e-Serve collects data and provides analytic solutions for sales promotion. A subsample of e-Serve for promotion expenditure and sales of several ecommerce businesses in million taka are provided below.Promotion 22 15 4 4 7 10 12 15 17 15Sales 150 100 80 100 90 120 110 120 130 140(a) Show that a simple linear regression model can be fitted with these variables and state a linear model for these variables. How the least square method is used to estimate parameters in a linear regression model?(b) At 5% level of significance test the hypothesis that the correlation is not positive. Based on the test result comment on the sign of the regression coefficient.(c) Find the regression line of sales on promotion expenditure by estimating parameters. Also, test the significance of slope coefficient at 5% level.(d) Find the 95% confidence interval for the mean sales with promotion expenditure of 7 million taka and comment on your results.The Pilot Pen Company has decided to use 15 test markets to examine the sensitivity of demand for its new product to various prices, as shown in the following table. Advertising effort was identical in each market. Each market had approximately the same level of business activity and population.a. Using a linear regression model, estimate the demand function for Pilot’s new pen.b. Evaluate this model by computing the coefficient of determination and by performing a t-test of the significance of the price variable.c. What is the price elasticity of demand at a price of 50 cents? TEST MARKET PRICE CHARGED (¢) QUANTITY SOLD(THOUSANDS OF PENS) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 50 50 55 55 60 60 65 65 70 70¢ 80 80 90¢ 90 40 20.0 21.0 19.0 19.5 20.5 19.0 16.0 15.0 14.5 15.5 13.0 14.0 11.5 11.0 17.0