Discuss why a saturated fatty acid like lauric acid has a good anti-oxidant property.
Q: Explain why β oxidation cannot proceed backward to produce triacylglycerols.
A: Beta oxidation is a metabolic process involving multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules are…
Q: Explain how cholesterol synthesis depends on the activity of ATPcitrate lyase.
A: Cholesterol is an amphipathic molecule found in the body. It has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic…
Q: Can the carbons in ketones be metabolized and wind up in a glucose monosaccharide? If yes, using…
A: Ketone bodies are produced in the body during fasting conditions, consumption of carbohydrate…
Q: Write down the subunits of the Fatty Acid Synthase enzyme.
A: Fatty acid synthase is an enzyme that takes part in the synthesis of fatty acids. It is composed of…
Q: Identify the molecule produce by the phosphorylation of ADP.
A: Energy is used by cells to carry out their essential tasks. Through the breakdown of organic…
Q: To explain: How would an uncoupler Dinitrophenol of oxidative phosphorylation promote weight loss.
A: The organic chemical compound 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) It is a biochemically active chemical that…
Q: Hypercholesterolemic individuals taking statins are sometimes advised to take supplements of…
A: The high cholesterol level in the blood of the body is referred to as hypercholesterolemia. It is an…
Q: Explain how the position in the active site and function of the oxyanion hole of chymotrypsin…
A: Enzymes are highly specialized proteins that have extraordinary catalytic power, greater than that…
Q: true or false during fatty acid biosynthesis, the product detaches from the fatty acid synthase…
A: Fatty acid synthesis is a metabolic reaction in which fatty acids are formed from acetyl-CoA and…
Q: explain the steps of beta-oxidation in fatty acid metabolism
A: Fatty acids are long chains of hydrocarbons attached with carboxylic group. The hydrocarbon chain…
Q: Explain why adipocytes need glucose as well as fatty acids in order to synthesize triacylglycerols.
A: Triacylglycerol is the main component of body fat in humans and other animals (as well as vegetable…
Q: Consider MYRISTIC ACID CH3-(CH2)12 - COOH A. Draw the acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid
A: Fatty acids are the components of lipids, which are esterified to a glycerol backbone to form lipid.…
Q: From what fatty acid are most of the eicosanoids derived?List several medical conditions in which…
A: Eicosanoids are signaling molecules that are produced via enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated…
Q: Discuss why a saturated fatty acid like coconut oil has a good anti-oxidant property
A: Coconut oil has a good antioxidant property. It is a saturated fatty acid.
Q: Describe the role of acetyl-CoA, acyl carrier protein (ACP), and fatty acid synthase in fatty acid…
A: Fats are an important storage biomolecule in the human body. When plenty of glucose is available in…
Q: Explain the biochemical importance of the components of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway.
A: Cholesterol levels in the body is found from 2 major sources: Dietary intake and the process of…
Q: Transamination reactions have been described as ping-pong reactions. Use the reaction of alanine…
A: Ping pong mechanism is a double displacement reaction where Enzyme binds with the substrate to form…
Q: The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is produced as an isozyme, which is a way to control the…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme of the anaerobic metabolic pathway and is an oxidoreductase…
Q: In fatty acid synthesis, malonyl-CoA, rather thanacetyl-CoA, is used as a “condensing group.”…
A: Fatty acid synthesis occurs in cytosol. Acetyl CoA is the source of carbon and NADPH provide…
Q: Show how the following fatty acid is oxidized:
A: Branched-chain fatty acids are oxidized first by alpha-oxidation followed by beta-oxidation. The…
Q: The thiolate anion of CoA acts as a/an nucleophile attacking the carbonyl carbon of the enzyme bound…
A: Fatty acid are activated to acyl CoA by thiokinase or acyl CoA synthetase. This step occurs in…
Q: Compare and contrast the pathways of fatty-acid breakdown and biosynthesis. What features do these…
A: Introduction Fatty acid metabolism is associated with the step-wise building up of biologically…
Q: Draw the amino acid product that results from a transamination reaction involving pyruvate and…
A: Transamination reaction involves transfer of the amino group to a keto acid to form new amino acids.…
Q: The cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone…
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic oxidation process that occurs in the cytosol of every cell. where it…
Q: You ask Manny if he is taking any non-prescription drugs before refilling his prescriptions. He…
A: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an antioxidant that is fat-soluble. Ubiquinone is another name for it. The…
Q: List the steps and the enzyme in each step in the biosynthesis of palmatic acid using acetyl-CoA as…
A: Biosynthesis of palmitic acid occurs in the cytosol of animals and yeast, and the chloroplast stroma…
Q: Explain how fatty acids are constructed two carbon atoms at atime while the immediate donor of these…
A: Fat is the important energy source for the body. Fat is made of fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty…
Q: Identify each of the following biomolecules. Explain the function of each in biochemical processes.…
A: Biomolecules are macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen…
Q: Describe the synthesis of palmitic acid starting from acetyl CoA and malonyl-CoA.
A: Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid…
Q: Show, by the equation for a typical reaction, why glutamateplays a central role in the biosynthesis…
A: Following reaction shows that glutamate plays a vital role in the biosynthesis of amino acids
Q: Give an account of β – oxidation of saturated even carbon fatty acid (Palmitic acid) along with the…
A: Palmitic acid is a type of fatty acid that contains sixteen carbon atoms and no carbon-carbon double…
Q: Compare the regulation requirements of catabolicpathways to those of anabolic pathways.
A: Catabolic Pathways: These are involved in the degradation (or breakdown) of complex molecules into…
Q: Outline the mechanisms of the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis.
A: Cholesterol biosynthesis : Biosynthesis of cholesterol generally takes place in the endoplasmic…
Q: Outline how an inability to completely break down the amino acids lysine, hydroxylysine and…
A: Fatty acid oxidation is the mitochondrial aerobic process of breaking down a fatty acid into…
Q: What is the likely substrate of α ketoglutatrate dehydrogenase? A) water B) alpha ketoglutatrate C)…
A: Tri carboxylic acid cycle is a amphibolic pathway that means it involves both catabolic and anabolic…
Q: In the B-oxidation of a saturated, even chain fatty acid, four basic steps are involved. Describe…
A: In mitochondria, acetyl CoA is important component for Krebs cycle . There are various sources of…
Q: Explain how cholesterol synthesis depends on the activity of ATP-citrate lyase.
A: Cholesterol is an important lipid that is responsible for maintaining membrane fluidity of the…
Q: High blood levels of triacylglycerides are associated with heart attacks and strokes. Clofibrate, a…
A: The high level of triglycerides, the LDL (Low-density lipoprotein), and VLDL(very low density…
Q: Discuss the mechanism of action of the enzyme chymotrypsin.
A: Chymotrypsin is a serine protease that catalyses hydrolytic reactions. It specifically hydrolyses…
Q: Give the general equation for fatty acid biosynthesis.
A: The simplest form of lipid is fatty acids that are a long chain of hydrocarbons and…
Q: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in the production of wine and beer, while Lactobacillus acidophilus…
A: Introduction :- Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an eukaryotic organism which is used in the production…
Q: We have encountered reactions similar to the oxidation, hydration, and oxidation reactions of fatty…
A: Beta oxidation is a metabolic process in which fatty acid molecules are broken down to create energy…
Q: Following the complete metabolism of a fatty acid briefly describe what subsequently happens to the…
A: Metabolism of fatty acids includes anabolism as well as catabolism. Anabolism of fatty acids…
Q: Glucose has been found to react nonenzymatically with hemoglobin, through Schiff base formation…
A: Glucose : It is a simple carbohydrate or sugar. It is one of several kinds of sugars. It is…
Q: Select the following enzymes that utilize a mechanism where an enediol intermediate is formed. Check…
A:
Q: Some microorganisms lack DHFR activity, but their thymidylate synthase has an FAD cofactor. What is…
A: An organism evolves to find an alternative mechanism to continue the biochemical process. FAD is a…
Q: Briefly discuss the Glyoxylate Pathway
A: The glyoxylate cycle enables acetyl-CoA to be converted into malate. This cycle occurs in the…
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- 1. Discuss fully the synthesis of triacylglycerol in the adipose tissue, muscles, intestines and liver. 2. Describe adequately the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. 3. Discuss the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies.In 1920’s, 2,4-dinitrophenol compound was successfully formulated in ‘diet pills’. (a). Briefly explain the mechanism in which this pill can induce weight loss.(b). How will taking these pills lead to death?1. Select the INCORRECT statement about Glutamate dehydrogenase : a. Catalyzes the removal of NH4+ into glutamate b.Catalyzes the incorporation of NH*4 into a-ketoglutarate c. Catalyzes the removal of NH*4 from glutamate C d. Catalyzes the incorporation of NH'4 into a-keto acid
- 1.Enumerate the enzymes of the alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and write its mechanism of actionIn 2-page worth of words (around 500), discuss CYCLAMATE's regulation, allowable levels, and what group of people are at high risk for the side effects of CYCLAMATE in the body.which of the following are possible sources of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate a. more than 1 correct response b. 2 moles of glucos c. cleavage of fructose-1-6-biphosphate d. dihydroxyacetone phosphate
- 1. Describe briefly the hydrolysis reaction for carbohydrates as indicated to the picture A. What organ is responsible for the production of insulin and glucagon? B. Where does glycogen get stored?Hydrocortisone (a synthetic preparation of the steroid hormone cortisol) is often prescribed to treat severe inflammation. However, administration of this medication can lead to hyperglycemia. Why is that?1. A lipogenase antagonist would a. increase prostaglandins b. increase inflammation c. decrease leukotrienes d. decrease prostaglandins 2. Which of the following is true if you give a patient a drug that blocked exocytosis? a. increase protein hormone synthesis b. increase steroid hormone synthesis c. decrease levels of protein hormones in the bloodstream d. decree levels of steroid hormones in the bloodstream
- 1. In thyrotoxicosis (Basedow’s diisease) excessive secretion of thyroid thyroxine hormone is observed and it is often accompanied by the increase in body tem- perature. Explain the reason for the increase in body temperature in this disease. For this purpose:a) draw the scheme of the process that maintains the temperature of the body;b) name the mechanism of the thyroxine effect on this process;c) show how the rate of О2 absorption by mitochon- dria of the cells will change in thyrotoxicosis.draw the products formed when triacylglycerol is treated with: a. H2O, H+2.A person did not get food for 3 days and had lost his weight, ketone bodies were revealed in urine. To explain this: a)describe the main metabolic pathways providing energy for the liver cells during starvation and explain its regulation; b) discuss the hormonal changes; c)predict the deleterious effect of prolonged starvation.