Explain about different types of bioreactors and how they are used in cell suspension culture. What are the advantage and limitations of each bioreactors?

Q: Write the protocol for shikata''s orcein method indicating; materials,  reagents,  Principle,…

A: The Shikata’s Orcein method is a staining procedure used for the identification of Hepatitis B…

Q: Define agar.

A: A dried jelly-like substance called agar, commonly referred to as agar-agar, is made from the red…

Q: Briefly explain that what is the important to use immobilization techniques in biosensor?...(explain…

A: Given: Immobilization techniques are the type of technical process in which enzymes are fixed to or…

Q: What is sterilization? Give specific examples of media which are sterilized by the following…

A: All microbes, such as bacteria, virus, and fungi, requires some essential nutrients for growth. The…

Q: Discuss the benefit and drawbacks of using cell suspension culture for the production of important…

A: Secondary metabolites are phytochemicals or chemical that plants itself synthesized.Plants does not…

Q: Explain the expressions of primary culture, cell haH, and continuous cell haH. Explain the reason…

A: Answers :  Th cells in the primary culture are heterogeneous as they are freshly obtained from the…

Q: In treating an oil spill, why might biostimulation be preferred over bioaugmentation?

A: Bioremediation is a technique that involves the usage of microbial metabolism in presence of…

Q: Provide a photograph of an autoclave with labels. Discuss briefly how autoclaving control microbial…

A: In a particular environment, the growth of a population of microbes refers to microbial growth. In…

Q: What if the purpose of bacterial culture? Why might it be useful to grow bacteria?

A: According to question what is  the purpose of bacterial culture. Why might it be useful to grow…

Q: Discuss about the reagents used for agarose gel electrophoresis

A: Gel electrophoresis is used to separate nucleic acid.

Q: draw and interpret a graph depicting bacterial cell death. How would such a graph differ under a…

A: Chemical or biological agent that inhibits the reproduction in bacteria is known as bacteriostatic…

Q: What type of companion cell is commonly known for adopting polymer trapping model and provide…

A: The companion cells are specialized parenchyma cells that are present in the phloem tissues of the…

Q: identify the organisms in  an unknown culture. You find that the culture contains two gramnegative…

A: A culture is a medium to grow bacteria and other microorganisms  It provides the bacteria with…

Q: why it is useful to plot the microbial growth from a growing microbial culture?

A: The term microbial growth refers to the growth of a population of microbe, it is an increase in the…

Q: discuss the significance of the different aseptic techniques utilized in maintaining sterility of…

A: The laboratory that carries out growth of prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells in physiological…

Q: Choose the best biomaterials (Metal, Polymer, Ceramic) for the following applications with the at…

A: Materials scientists do everything from fundamental research on the chemical properties of materials…

Q: A) What are the Requirements for cells to grow in vitro in cell culturing?

A: In vivo-Whether living biological organisms inside the organism are involved in the analysis. In…

Q: Describe how microbial cells in bio films interact and enhance each other’s growth and metabolism

A: Microbial species like bacteria show two modes of growth. One is planktonic or free-swimming mode…

Q: What is the difference between defined media and complex media?

A: media is a solution in which is rich in nutrients.  it is very suitable for the growth of microbes…

Q: What are types of cell culture media?

A: A cell culture medium is solid or liquid in nature. It is a mixture of all necessary nutrients…

Q: What are bioreactors ? How are large volume of culture maintained and processed in them ?

A: A bioreactor is a system that enables organisms (such as yeast, bacteria, or animal cells) to…

Q: Under what conditions are media typically sterilized in an autoclave?

A: An autoclave is the pressure chamber used to carry out the scientific and industrial processes…

Q: Give examples of specific applications for different types of solid tubed media

A: Tube media are when the media is cultured inside the tube and it is ideal for the cultures that…

Q: Can you think of a situation in which it would be better for a drug to be microbistatic rather than…

A: Microbistatic drugs are those which stop or prevents the growth of harmful bacterias in the body…

Q: Why is PBS buffer preferred when preparing a monolayer cell culture?

A: PBS (phosphate buffer saline) is a buffer solution which is a water based salt solution containing…

Q: What main advantage do microbial plastics have over syntheticplastics?

A: Plastics are organic materials. It is derived from the Greek word “plastikos”.

Q: Can someone differentiate between the membranes that are used for Bioelectrochemical systems?

A: Bioelectrochemical systems or BES are specific systems designed to convert chemical energy present…

Q: Provide three applications of cell suspension culture

A: Suspension culture is a type of culture in which single cells or small aggregates of cells multiply…

Q: 1a.) How pH of the culture medium affects the cell culture? Please give examples of low pH and…

A: Every cell culture has a unique or specific pH at which the cells in the culture will grow. PH is an…

Q: Which of the following salt solutions is hypotonic to biological potato cells? 1) 0.9% NaCI O 2)…

A: Hypotonic solution: A solution that contains fewer dissolved particles (such as salt and other…

Q: Explain why it is essential that bacteria cultures be sterilized in an autoclave.

A: The microbial cultures are grown in the laboratory so as to multiply them or increase the number of…

Q: What makes agar good support for microbial growth?

A: Microbial culture is a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in…

Q: Discuss briefly the phases of Microbial Growth Curve and why it is useful to plot the microbial…

A: For microbial growth many factors are important such as nutrients, temperature, pH, moisture and…

Q: What is biocompatibility? Briefly describe how the success of a biomaterial is evaluated.

A: Biomaterials are used for therapeutic purposes to treat or replace injured or damaged body tissues,…

Q: In this exercise, what will be the outcome if B. megaterium was grown in a rich medium? Explain.

A: This is incomplete Question

Q: What is meant by recalcitrance in microbiology? Give an example

A: Now a days environmental pollution is one of the major issue  and it  is defined as any undesirable…

Q: determination of microbial motility, why do you think the microorganisms are ubiquitous?

A: Solution : The motility test is used to determine whether an organism is motile or non-motile.…

Q: Which B. megaterium culture, a culture in the exponential growth phase or a culture in the…

A: Ultraviolet radiation is a short-wavelength, non-ionizing radiation, and its wavelength ranges from…

Q: Compare and contrast bacteriocidal, bacteriostatic and bacteriolytic agents. What are their effects…

A: It is critical that we understand microbes and their applications since they may be both useful and…

Q: Discuss how can some anaerobes be maintained in pure cultures?

A: Introduction :- A pure (or axenic) culture is a population of cells or multicellular creatures that…

Q: Briefly explain the mechanism behind competent cell preparation by chemical treatment and chemical…

A: The competent cells are the bacterial cells that can take up foreign DNA from the surrounding by…

Q: How can you account different diffusion rates of three dyes through the agarose media in the Petri…

A: Agar is used as a support medium for bacterial growth and culture in labs.This is extracted from sea…

Q: You have a starter culture containing 8 x 109 cells per mL, from which you take 10 mL to inoculate a…

A: The generation time of culture is considered to be the time at which it doubles and the mean growth…

Q: Give two reasons for why heat fixing is used?  Adherence of bacterial cells to the slide…

A: Haet fixing is the procedure in gram staining of the bacteria. This has to be done so that the…

Q: Why is bacterial culture useful to grow bacteria?

A: