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- A giant puffball (FIGURE 23.13C) produces trillions of spores that disperse on wind. A stinkhom (FIGURE 23.13D) makes fewer spores and they are dispersed by insects. How are these differences analgous to differences in pollen production and dispersal among plants? C Giant puffball D Stinkhom FIGURE 23.13 Diverse club fungus fruiting bodies (basidiocarps)A scientist sequences the genome of Chara, red algae, and a tomato plant. What result would support the conclusion that Charophytes should he included in the F’/amae kingdom? The Chara genome is more similar to the red algae than the tomato plant All three genomes are distinctly different The Chara genome is more similar to the tomato plant genome than the red algae genome The tomato plant genome is distinct from the red algae genome.The dominant organism in fern is the sperm spore gamete sporophyte
- A botanist travels to an area that has experienced a long, severe drought. While examining the bryophytes in the area, he notices that many are in the same life-cycle stage. Which life-cycle stage should be the most common? zygote gametophyte sporophyte archegonium67. whisk ferns do not have leaves, instead they have ___a. microphyllsb. ground pinesc. rhizoidsd. enations68. what plants are often called ground pines?a. lycopodiumb. spike mossesc. quilwotsd. horsetails69. these leaves are associated with the leaf gaps and having branching veins.a. megaphyllsb. fiddleheadsc. microphyllsd. pinnae70. horsetails and scouring rushes belong to phyluma. equisetiphytab. psilophytac. polypodiophytad. lycophytaInsect-Assisted Fertilization in Moss Moss sperm can swim, but plant ecologist Nils Cronberg suspected that they sometimes hitch a ride on crawling insects or mites (tiny animals related to spiders). To test this hypothesis he carried out an experiment. He placed patches of male and female moss gametophytes in dishes, either next to one another or with water-absorbing plaster between them. The plaster prevented sperm from Swimming between plants. He then looked at how the presence or absence of insects affected the number of sporophytes formed. FIGURE 22.8 shows his results. FIGURE 22.8 Sporophyte production in female moss patches with and without either crawling insects (springtails) or mites. No Sporophytes formed in the animal-free dishes when moss patches were 2 or 4 centimeters apart Why is sporophyte formation a good way to determine if fertilization occurred?
- Compared to vascular plants, bryophytes arc more easily harmed by environmental contaminants and add rain. Thus the diversity of these plants is sometimes used to assess pollution levels. What is it about the structure or function of a moss that would make it more susceptible to damage from air pollution than a horsetail or a cactus?Which of the following structures is not found in bryophytes? a cellulose cell wall chloroplast sporangium rootFigure 23.28 Which of the following statements about the Laminaria life cycle is false? In zoospores form in the sporangia. The sporophyte is the 2n plant. The gametophyte is diploid. Both the gametophyte and sporophyte stages are multicellular.
- Which of the following features does not support the inclusion of Charophytes in the Plantae kingdom? Charophyte chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and b Charophyte plant cell walls contain plasmodesmata to allow transfer between cells within multicellular organisms Charophytes do not exhibit growth throughout the entire plant body Charophytes are multicellular organisms that lack vascular tissue.The sperm of swim to eggs. a. mosses b. ferns c. conifers d. a and bWhich one of these characteristics is present in land plants and not in Charales? alternation of generations flagellated sperm phragmoplasts plasmodesmata