Fill in the blanks: The Lys60 (encoded by 5'-AAG-3' codon) of a protein is critical for its binding with its target sequence. The following is a schematic of tRNA specific for Lys60 (encoded by 5'-AAG-3' codon). What is the anti- codon that base pairs with the 5'-AAG-3' codon for Lys? Take note of the direction. 5'- -3' OH 3' 5' PO,-) Lys

Fill in the blanks: The Lys60 (encoded by 5'-AAG-3' codon) of a protein is critical for its binding with its target sequence. The following is a schematic of tRNA specific for Lys60 (encoded by 5'-AAG-3' codon). What is the anti- codon that base pairs with the 5'-AAG-3' codon for Lys? Take note of the direction. 5'- -3' OH 3' 5' PO,-) Lys

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter7: Gene Expression And Control

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CT

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A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).
The amino acid glycine is encoded by four codons: GGA, GGC, GGG, and GGU. Which of the following statements correctly explains this fact? The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 5' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 3' base of the codon. The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 3' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 5' base of the codon. Glycine tRNA has four anticodons, and the appropriate anticodon specifically pairs with the correct codon. There are four tRNAs for glycine, each of which has an anticodon that specifically pairs with the correct codon. all of the above
Using a table that shows which codon represents which amino acid determine the following: A) The possible codons that encode Serine: B) The amino acids that could be encoded if the 2nd position of the UCA codon that encodes Serine was changed to one of the other 3 bases: C) The amino acids that could be encoded if the 3rd position of the UCA codon that encodes Serine was changed to one of the other 3 bases: D) The amino acids that could be encoded if the 1st position of the UCA codon that encodes Serine was changed to one of the other 3 bases:
The codon chart below shows that adenine-uracil-guanine (AUG) codes for the amino acid methionine, and cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) codes for glutamine in humans. What do those two codons code for in carrots? A. valine and aspartic acid B. isoleucine and histidine C. methionine and glutamine D. serine and glutamic acid
A. What amino acid sequence is encoded by the codon sequence AUAAUGGUAACGGUU? B. Suppose the codon sequence AGACACUCUAUUAAA has a single base pair mutation to AGACACUCUUUUAAA. If the old protein sequence was Arg-His-Ser-Ile-Lys, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene?
The wobble rules for tRNA-mRNA pairing are shown. If we assume that the tRNAs do not containmodified bases, what is the minimum number of tRNAs needed to recognize the codons for the following types of amino acids? A. Leucine B. Methionine C. Serine
If the mRNA transcribed for this gene will be translated into a functional protein, how many amino acids will be used to build the polypeptide chain? what is the amino acid coded by the 25th codon? what is the amino acid coded by the last codon?
For the m-RNA nucleotide codons given below, what is the corresponding sequence of amino acids? AUG UGU AUA UAU GUA AUC ACC UUC UAU GUA ACA UUU UGG AAC AGC UGC CAU GUA UAC CAG AAA CUU GCA GAG CUG GCU UUG AUA UGA The α-helices are known to contain primarily the amino acids methionine, alanine, leucine, glutamate, and lysine, while β-pleated sheets are known to primarily contain the amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, valine, and threonine. Which one of these two types of secondary protein structure is present with this amino acid sequence?
What RNA base sequence is complimentary to the following DNA base sequence 5'-CATGATTAT-3'? Using the table of codons, give the primary structure of the protein coded for by the RNA sequence: 5’-CCA CGA GGG GAG ACU UAA-3’?
The following pattern has been observed in the genetic code. For many codons, the first base specifies a biosynthetic precursor: U = pyruvate, C = α-ketoglutarate, A = oxaloacetate, G = any of a number of simple precursors. The second base of the codon tends to be associated with water solubility: water-soluble amino acids have a G, A, or C as the middle position, whereas five of seven of the most hydrophobic amino acids have U as the middle base. The third base in a codon is often information free; that is, many of the codons for the same amino acid differ only with the third base. Review amino acid biosynthesis and determine which amino acids obey these rules. What are the exceptions?
A mutation is found in a tRNA-encoding gene. The wild type (non-mutant) allele (version) produces a tRNA that recognizes the codon GAA, and is charged with the amino acid glutamic acid (Glu). The mutant tRNA is still charged with Glu, but it recognizes the codon UAA. What effect will this have on translation in these cells? How will the proteins produced be different? Speculate: is this mutation more likely to be beneficial or harmful?
Two missense mutations in the gene that encodes an enzyme called superoxide dismutase cause a form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig disease). This disease causes loss of neurological function over a 5-year period. One mutation alters the amino acid asparagine (Asn) to lysine (Lys). The other changes an isoleucine (Ile) to a threonine (Thr). List the codons involved and describe how single-base mutations can alter the specified amino acids.