Four firms (A, B, C, and D) play a pricing game (i.e. Bertrand). Each firm (i) may choose any price P; in [0,infinity) with the goal of maximizing its own profit. (Firms do not care directly about their own quantityor others' profits.) Firms A and B have MC = 10, while firms C and D have MC = 20.The firms serve a market with the demand curve Q = 100 - P. All firms produce exactly the sameproduct, so consumers purchase only from the firm with the lowest price. If multiple firms have thesame low price, consumers divide their prices evenly among the low-priced firms.If firms choose price simultaneously:A) a price firm A would choose in equilibrium:a price firm B would choose in equilibrium:B) a price firm C would choose in equilibrium:C) a price firm D would choose in equilibrium:

In a Bertrand oligopoly, companies select prices (not quantity) independently in order to maximize…

Answered: Four firms (A, B, C, and D) play a…

Microeconomic Theory

12th Edition

ISBN:9781337517942

Author:NICHOLSON

Publisher:NICHOLSON

Chapter15: Imperfect Competition

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15.5P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Suppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Warmbreeze Pricing High Low Flashfry Pricing High 11, 11 2, 15 Low 15, 2 8, 8 For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $15 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Warmbreeze prices low, Flashfry will make more profit if…
Consider the Bertrand pricing game from class. If both firms have identical marginal cost of $10 and consumers will purchase from whichever firm is cheapest as long as the price is under $50, what will be the Nash equilibrium?. a 50, 50 b 50, 10 c 10, 10 d 10, 50
Using a payoff matrix/table to determine the equilibrium outcome Suppose there are only two firms that sell smartphones, Flashfone and Pictech. The following payoff matrix/table shows the profit (in millions of dollars) each company will earn, depending on whether it sets a high or low price for its phones. Pictech Pricing High Low Flashfone Pricing High 10, 10 4, 12 Low 12, 4 9, 9 For example, the lower left cell shows that if Flashfone prices low and Pictech prices high, Flashfone will earn a profit of $12 million and Pictech will earn a profit of $4 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfone and Pictech are both profit-maximizing firms. If Flashfone prices high, Pictech will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Flashfone prices low, Pictech will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Pictech prices high, Flashfone will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Pictech prices low, Flashfone will make…
Two competing firms must choose their quantity of production simultaneously. Each firm can choose either a High quantity of 3 or a Low quantity of 2. The price for both firms is 9-Q, where Q is the sum of both their quantities. Costs are zero; the profit is simply price times quantity. For example, if firm 1 chooses High and firm 2 chooses Low, then price is 9-(3+2)=4; payoff for firm 1 is 12 while payoff for firm 2 is 8. What is the unique Nash equilibrium? (Firm 1's strategy will be written before firm 2's.)
Suppose two firms, A and B, have a cost function of ?(??) = 30??, for ? = ?, ?. The inverse demand for the market is given by ? = 120 − ?, where Q represents the total quantity in the market, ? = ?? + ??. 1. Solve for the firms’ outputs in a Nash Equilibrium of the Cournot Model. 2. Let Firm A be the first mover, and Firm B be the second mover. Solve for the firms’ outputs in a SPNE of the Stackelberg Model.
American Airlines and Braniff Airways are the two airlines operating flights from your region. Suppose that each company can charge either a high price for tickets or a low price. First, American Airlines will choose the price level. Following this, Braniff Airways will observe its competitor’s decision and choose the price level for its tickets. If both of the companies choose High, they earn $25,000 each. If they both choose Low, they earn $18,000 each. If the companies choose different levels of prices, the one choosing the high price will earn $15,000 and the one choosing Low will earn $30,000. a) Draw the game three. b) Solve the game by using backwards induction. c) If Braniff Airlines makes a promise to choose High if American Airlines chooses High, should American Airlines trust this promise? Explain.
Consider the following oligopolistic market. In the first stage, Firm 1 chooses quantity q₁. Firms 2 and 3 observe Firm 1's choice, and then proceed to simultaneously choose q2 and 93, respectively. Market demand is given by p(Q) = 100 – Q, and Q = 9₁ +9₂ +93. Firm 1's costs are c₁ (9₁) = 1q₁, firm 2's costs are c₂(9₂) = 6q2 and firm 3's costs are C3(93) = 693. Starting from the end of the game, you can express Firm 2's best response function in terms of 9₁ and 93, and you can similarly express Firm 3's best response function in terms of q₁ and q₂. Using these, answer the following questions. a) If Firm 1 chooses q₁ = 9, what quantity will Firm 2 choose? b) If Firm 1 chooses q₁ = 100, what quantity will Firm 2 choose? c) In the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of this game, firm 1 produces what quantity? d) In the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of this game, firm 2 and firm 3 each produce what quantity?
Two firms are playing an infinitely-repeated prisoner's dilemma pricing game of the following form: Firm 1 Firm 2 Low price High Price Low price 4, 4 20, 0 High price 0, 20 12,12 Consider the decision to cheat ONLY ONCE for a firm in this game against the opponent that is a Tit-for-Tat player. Cheating firm gets an extra in payoffs for the first round, but has to face $0 payoffs for the second round in order to be able to bring the opponent to the collusive outcome again in the third round. What is the minimum rate of return (r) that would make defecting only once? Show your calculations.
consider a market with inverse demand P(Q) = 10 − Q and two firms with cost curves C1(q1) = 2q1 and C2(q2) = 2q2 (that is, they have the same marginal costs and no fixed costs). They compete by choosing quantities. Now consider a modified game, which goes as follows: First, Firm 1 decides whether to enter the market or not. As in the previous question, there is no fixed cost, even if the firm decides to enter. Next, Firm 2 observes Firm 1’s entry choice and decides whether to enter or not.Firm 2 has no fixed cost as well. If no firm enters, the game ends. If only one firm enters, that firm chooses quantity, operating as a monopolist. If both firms enter, then Firm 1 chooses quantity q1. Then, Firm 2 observes Firm 1’s choice of q1 and then chooses q2 (like in the previous question). If a firm does not enter, it gets a payoff of zero. Which of the following statements is consistent with the SPNE of this game? Hint: you don’t need complicated math to solve this problem.(a) Neither firm…
Three electricity generating firms are competing in the market with the inverse demand given by P(Q) = 20 – Q. All firms have constant marginal costs. Firm 1’s marginal cost is MC = 5; it has a capacity constraint of K1 = 5 units. Firm 2’s marginal cost is MC = 8; it has a capacity constraint of K2 = 2.5 units. Firm 3’s marginal cost is MC = 10; it has a capacity constraint of K3 = 2.5 units. A. The three firms compete in the style of Cournot. Please compute the Nash equilibrium quantities. Also compute the price in the Nash equilibrium. B. Which of these firms would have produced a larger quantity if it had a larger capacity?
We consider a game between two players, Alice and Bob. Alice chooses a number x (between -infinity and +infinity), and Bob chooses a number y (between -infinity and +infinity). Alice's payoff is given by the following function: 35 x + 87 x y - 95 x squared. (the last entry is "x squared".) Bob's payoff is given by the following function: 30 y + 42 x y + 75 y squared. (the last entry is "y squared".) Calculate Alice's strategy in the (unique) Nash equilibrium of this game.
Economics Represent the following games in a normal form and find their Nash equilibria. b) Firm A decides whether to enter the market in which firm B already operates. Firm B knows about firm A’s considerations. If firm A enters the market, both firms decide at the same time whether to run an advertising campaign. In the opposite case, only firm B decides about running an advertising campaign. When both firms are in the market, each obtains profit of $3 mln if both pursue a campaign, or of $5 mln if both decide not to run a campaign. If only one firm runs a campaign, it obtains $6 mln, whereas the other firm gets $1 mln. If only firm B operates in the market, it obtains $4 mln when it advertises its product, or $3.5 mln if it does not. Firm A receives $0 if it does not enter the market.

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Microeconomic Theory

Economics

ISBN:

9781337517942

Author:

NICHOLSON

Publisher:

Cengage

Economics:

Economics

ISBN:

9781285859460

Author:

BOYES, William

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Exploring Economics

Economics

ISBN:

9781544336329

Author:

Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:

SAGE Publications, Inc

Microeconomic Theory

Economics

ISBN:

9781337517942

Author:

NICHOLSON

Publisher:

Cengage

Economics:

Economics

ISBN:

9781285859460

Author:

BOYES, William

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Exploring Economics

Economics

ISBN:

9781544336329

Author:

Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:

SAGE Publications, Inc

Managerial Economics: A Problem Solving Approach

Economics

ISBN:

9781337106665

Author:

Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike Shor

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Managerial Economics: Applications, Strategies an…

Economics

ISBN:

9781305506381

Author:

James R. McGuigan, R. Charles Moyer, Frederick H.deB. Harris

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS