Glutathione functions in red blood cells largely to ____. Select one: a. buffer intracellular pH b. product NADPH c. produce NADH d. reduce oxidizing agents such as H2O2
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- Ethanol is especially toxic in children for several reasons.For example, ethanol consumption results in elevated levelsof NADH in the liver. Suggest a mechanism that explainsthis phenomenon.NAD+ ____ when it gains a/an ____.Ouabain specifically inhibits the Na+K+ ATPase activity of animal tissues but is not known to inhibit any other enzyme. When ouabain is added to thin slices of living kidney tissue, it inhibits oxygen consumption by 66%. Why? What does this observation tell us about the use of respiratory energy bykidney tissue?
- Characterizing Glycolysis List the reactions of glycolysis that a. are energy consuming (under standard-stale conditions), b. are energy yielding (under standard-state conditions), c. consume ATP. d. yield ATP e. are strongly influenced by changes in concentration of substrate and product because of their molecularity. f. are at or near equilibrium in the erythrocyte (see Table 18.2).While on vacation, your friend Josephine gets carried away with getting back to nature and eats berries off of a bush. Perhaps it was a small tree. In either case, it was a rash decision. In turns out that these berries contain an inhibitor to all monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCTs). What metabolic effects may Josephine experience?Consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables such as spinach have been shown to reduce blood pressure in prehypertensive individuals (i.e., those having no history of clinical hypertension), a phenomenon attributed to increased nitric oxide synthesis. Describe the reactions that convert nitrate (NO3 −) to nitric oxide (NO•) in the body.
- At the end of the Kreb’s cycle, glucose has been fully oxidized to CO2. What molecules now contain the energy that glucose had?In general, the ratio of oxidized versus reduced NAD is best described by which ONE statement below? A. the NADH/NAD+ ratio is greater than 1 B. the NADH/NAD+ ratio is always changing so one cannot make generalized assertions about this ratio C. the NAD+/NADH ratio is greater than 1 D. the NAD+/NADH ratio is equal to 1(b) Metabolic state of cells and organism can be associated with inmplication of ATP and NADH. Explain this relationship.
- If you are given 4 hydrogen atoms (4H) and asked to carry out reduction of NAD+, state all the products that will result from this process. You can use any number of NAD+ but must account for all 4 H atoms and have no full H atoms left.If 16 molecules of CO2 are fixed into the C4 CO2 fixation pathway, how many of thefollowing are needed? Show your computation. A. ATP B. NADPHa. Follow the increase in NADH concentration by following the increase in absorbance at 340mm.O b. Follow the increase in NADt concentration by following the increase in absorbance at 260nm.c. Follow the decrease in NADH concentration by following the decrease in absorbance at 260nm.d. Follow the increase in NAD* concentration by following the increase in absorbance at 340nm.