B) The actual concentrations of ATP, ADP and Pi differ by tissue/cell type (see table). Tissue/Cell Type ADP (mM) Pi (mM) 5.0 ATP (mM) Liver 3.5 1.8 Skeletal Muscle Brain 8.0 0.9 S.O 2.6 0.7 2.7 Calculate AG' for ATP hydrolysis in liver. (NOTE: assume 25°C and omit the concentration of water in your calculations).

Q: (i) Calculate the physiological AG (not AG.) for the reaction: Phosphocreatine + ADP → creatine +…

A: A system's free energy is equal to the sum of its enthalpy (H) and the product of its temperature…

Q: Assuming that the human body has 4 X 10" cells and that ATP is being used at a rate of 10° ATP per…

A: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the biomolecule that is considered the energy currency of the cells.…

Q: bB 5 cC dD, write the equation (a) showing the relationship of AG and AG°' with respect to the…

A: Metabolic processes involve chemical reactions and these reactions usually involve changes in energy…

Q: a. Use the values in Problem 23.31 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction.…

A: Carbohydrates are broken down into monosaccharides such as glucose or fructose, which enter…

Q: 2. Calculate AG for the exchange of 3 Na* by 2 K* by Na*-K* ATPase (in kJ per mole of ATP) under the…

A: Gibbs free  energy change for the exchange of 3Na and 2 K by Na-K ATPase It is a thermodynamic…

Q: Account for the number of ATPs produced when other monosaccharides like galactose, fructose, and…

A: In most organism hexoses other than glucose can undergo glycolysis after conversion to a…

Q: A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological…

A: Adenosine triphosphate is also called ATP. It is defined as the molecule that takes energy compounds…

Q: Account for the fractions of ATP generated by fatty acid breakdown and the citric acid based on…

A: Lipid metabolism begins in the intestine where ingested triglycerides are broken down into smaller…

Q: An enzyme follows the Michaelis-Menten kinetics; which of the following statement about a plot of VO…

A: In a biochemical reaction, an enzyme plays the role of a catalyst and converts the substrate to…

Q: Calculate for the following based on complete oxidation of 5 molecules of trisaccharide containing 2…

A: Complete Oxidation of carbohydrates takes place via 4 stages. They are ; 1. Glycolysis : here a…

Q: What is the Keq for the conversion of Glucose 6-Phosphate to Glucose 1-Phosphate if the phosphate…

A: Given-  1) Potential for Glucose 1-phsophate.- 20.9KJ/mol 2) potential for Glucose 6-Phosphate-…

Q: Consider a 17:0 fatty acid in a mammalian cell where propionyl CoA is completely oxidized. For each…

A: β-oxidation of fatty acid occurs in mitochondria. Before β- oxidation, activation of fatty…

Q: Regarding phosphofructokinase, which of the following statements is true

A: Phosphofructokinases are kinase group of enzyme that phosphorylates fructose-6 phosphate by…

Q: The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP has a △G°' of -30 kJ/mol. If in an E. coli cell the concentrations of…

A: Hydrolysis of ATP inside the cells to generate the energy required for the reaction or a process.…

Q: B, Write complete net balanced equationN for the pathway riving Stoichinmetries of all het reactunts…

A: In the Calvin cycle, the NADH and ATP from the light reaction is used to convert the 3PG to G3P with…

Q: How much free energy will be released during ATP hydrolysis of ATP in this condition? Please write…

A: The following equation relate standard-state free energy of a reaction with the free energy: ∆G…

Q: The relationship of free-energy change (AG) to the concentrations of reactants and products is…

A: Introduction Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is an essential "energy molecule" found in all living…

Q: The following experimental data were obtained for the kinetics of the enzyme reaction Glucose + ATP…

A: Enzyme kinetics are explained by Michaelis Menten equation shown below: V=VmaxSKm+S Here, V is…

Q: In muscle cells, the AG for glucose+ATP = glucose– 6–P+ADP is –33.5 kJ·mol-1. In contrast, the AG…

A: During glycolysis, Glucose is converted into Pyruvate. The first step of glycolysis is the…

Q: Which of these statements concerning this reaction is true? acetaldehyde + NADH ↔ ethanol + NAD+…

A: Cellular respiration is the process by which an organism produce energy in the form of ATP. This ATP…

Q: Creatine phosphate has a standard state free energy of hydrolysis of -43.1 kJ/mol. The given…

A: Gibbs free energy (G) of a system is the usable energy present in the system. For a reaction, free…

Q: The standard free energy variation of the ATP hydrolysis reaction is ΔGº’ = -30.5 kJ / mol ATP + H2O…

A: Given Values: ∆G°' = -30.5 kJ/mol[Pi] = 1.6 mM∆G = -50.2 kJ/mol

Q: Calculate ΔG° and K at 25°C for the following reaction.

A: Given, ∆G° of hydrolysis of ATP = -30 kJ/molKnown, ∆G° for conversion of glutamic acid to glutamine…

Q: If the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is -7.3 kcal/mole, and the DGo for…

A: The delta G (dG) or change in Gibbs free energy determines whether a chemical reaction is favorable…

Q: Discuss how many ATP would be synthesized from the complete oxidation of stearic acid or linoleic…

A: Hi! Thank you for the questions. As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the…

Q: If the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is -7.3 kcal/mole, and the DGo for…

A: Given: ADP + Inorganic phosphate →ATP                                    ∆G10=-7.3 kcal/mol…

Q: What terms would best describe the above coupled reaction? (If the DGo for ATP hydrolysis into ADP +…

A: The Gibbs free energy change determines whether a biochemical reaction is favorable or not. It…

Q: Net ATP yield for complete oxidation of 1 mol of galactose to CO2 and H2O (using both…

A: Here is the number of ATP produced by oxidation of Galactose:  ATP produced by  Malate-Aspartate…

Q: Consider the oxidation of this compound: C3H5O3(OC4H7)3 + 18.5O2 → 15CO2 + 13H2O + 1, 941 kcal. a)…

A: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are biomolecules that an individual obtains from food. Cellular…

Q: Iculate the actual, physiological deltaG for the reaction Phosphocreatine + ADP > creatine + ATP at…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: A total of 30.5 kJ mol-1 of free energy is needed to synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi  when the…

A: Food is a substance that consists of various nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins,…

Q: Calculate the AG° for the following summary equations by showing the individual reactions and their…

A:

Q: 1 = 2, for sufficiently large values of 1. The energetic equivalent of two molecules of ATP is used…

A: ATP : It is an organic compound and hydrotrope that provides energy to drive many processes in…

Q: ATP synthase, hexokinase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase are important enzymes in aerobic respiration.…

A: The cellular respiration is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid for the into alcohol by…

Q: Free energy changes under intracellular conditions differ markedly from those determined under…

A: ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) hydrolysis is a reaction process in which the high energy stored in the…

Q: In the course of a hypothetical meal, the stomach expands from 0.25 liters to 1.25 liters. If we…

A: The stomach is the gastrointestinal tract organ responsible for the digestion of food by secreting…

Q: Glucose 1-phosphate is converted into fructose 6-phosphate in two successive reactions. Reaction 1:…

A:

Q: calculate the net ATP production from the complete oxidation of the Arachidic acid to CO2 and H2O.…

A: Arachidic acid also known as eicosanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 20-carbon chain. The…

Q: Walking consumes approximately 100 kcal/mi. In the hydrolysis of ATP (ATP → ADP + Pi), the reaction…

A: The energy currency of a living cell is called ATP. It is then hydrolyzed into ADP or AMP. The…

Q: Using concentrations of substrates and products inside a muscle cell at rest (ATP=10MM; ADP=0.05MM;…

A: Creatine kinase is an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to creatine and then transfers…

Q: A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological…

A: ATP is an organic compound made of adenine, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphates.  In living cells, ATP…

Q: When you hold a weight at arm's length, you are not doing any thermodynamic work but the muscles…

A: Muscle contraction:It is defined as the activation of tension-producing locations within muscle…

Q: The significance of the ATP molecule shown is best explained by which statement below? *

A: As ATP is used for energy, a phosphate group or two are detached, and either ADP or AMP is produced.…

Q: Magnesium ion (Mg2+) forms complexes with the negative charges of the phosphate in ATP. In the…

A: It helps in the bioactivity of ATP

Q: Nutritional biochemists have known for decades that acidicfoods cooked in cast-iron cookware can…

A: In a chemical reaction, the oxidation state is considered the resulting charge that the atom would…

Q: As a result of an experiment following measurements were obtained from a cell: ATP concentration of…

A: Gibbs energy:  ∆G = ∆G°' + 2.303 RTlogQ∆G = Actual free energy∆G°' = standard energyR = Ideal gas…

Q: Skeletal muscle can store energy in the form of phosphocreatine, which is able to regenerate ATP. In…

A: Muscle cells use creatine kinase as their  instant energy storage molecule that can readily transfer…