How machinery of gene regulation is controlled by cell signaling?

Q: At which level of gene regulation does attenuation occur?

A: Attenuation in gene regulation refers to the control mechanism in the bacterial operon resulting in…

Q: How can a signal molecule from one cell alter gene expression in a target cell without entering the…

A: Signal molecules are specifically some ligands that mainly bind with the receptors to stimulate the…

Q: How does an intracellular receptor regulate gene expression in the cell? Describe briefly what…

A: Intracellular receptors found inside the cell. Typically in the nucleus and cytoplasm. They are…

Q: In the regulatory switch experiment, which level of gene expression regulation is the focus?…

A: Gen regulation is the method in which there are found different components which are involve in…

Q: Which of the following statements is representative of transduction? A) Binding of ligand to cell…

A: Signalling is the main event which is responsible for regulating the activities of one cell by the…

Q: What is the role of Rho factors in transcription, how it performs its function?

A: The process that occurs as a part of the Central Dogma of life and is involved in the formation of a…

Q: If some cell-surface receptors, including Notch, can rapidly signal to the nucleus by activating…

A: The biological cells are a hub of metabolic activities. These cells interact among themselves to…

Q: Imagine you are a cell and you need to activate ("turn on") a gene as quickly as possible.  What…

A: Gene expression is a tightly regulated process that allows a cell to respond to its changing…

Q: are positive regulators (activators) and negative regulators (repressors)?

A: Gene regulators are divided into two categories: activators and repressors, with activators…

Q: What are RIBOSWITCHES and how are they important in studying the regulation of Gene Expression

A: A riboswitch in an mRNA molecule can directly control its own expression.

Q: describe the 4 types of suppressors inducer, repressor, promoter, and operator.

A: In genetics, a silencer is a DNA sequence capable of binding transcription regulation factors,…

Q: Which statement is correct about expression of a gene regulated by Gal4? O Galactose increases gene…

A: In yeast the transcriptional activator GAL4 binds to the upstream activating sequence of the gal…

Q: control

A: Post transcriptional control is the control of gene expression at the RNA level.  It occurs once the…

Q: How gene expression is regulated by Ras mediated MAPK pathway?

A: If all the genes in a cell would be expressed, then the protein would accumulate in the cell and the…

Q: Which of the following is a type of signal transduction pathway controlling gene expression? All of…

A: Signal transduction pathways are cascades of signals and crosstalk among various signnals to…

Q: You study the expression of the hexose kinase gene and capture the following electron micrograph of…

A: Translation is the process of formation of a sequence of amino acids using messenger RNA as a…

Q: What is a signal sequence, and what is it recognized by? In what cellular process do signal…

A: Signal peptide The N-terminus among most newly produced proteins that are headed for the secretory…

Q: What is the main benefit of cell signaling over long distances (ex: signaling via hormone secretion…

A: Cell signaling is the essential cycle by which explicit data is moved from the cell surface to the…

Q: What are the two major mechanisms through which cell signaling leads to a change in cell behavior?

A: Cells respond to the changes in their immediate environment. To cope up with such changes the cell…

Q: What is the difference in how mediator works with activation vs. repression of transcription?

A: Transcription refers to the mechanism in which the genetic information in DNA is transferred by RNA…

Q: How is the signal generated by binding of TGF-β to cell-surface receptors transmitted to the…

A: TGF-β is a cytokine of the transforming growth factor family of signaling molecules with multiple…

Q: What makes it possible for a neurotransmitter to act on a cell? Select one: a. Gene transcription…

A: Cell signaling is part of any interactive activity that directs the basic activities of cells and…

Q: what  is the term used to describe genes that are NOT regulated-- meaning that they are always…

A: Gene expression regulation is of utmost importance in a trait being expressed or repressed in an…

Q: What is the effect of an increased Cro concentration on the expression of the gene for the λ…

A: The lytic cycle is the rupture of the host cell, resulting in the release of a number of viruses.…

Q: What does "feed back" mean gene regulation in gene expression ?

A: A particular organism's genome has thousands of genes, however not all of these genes must be active…

Q: What is the difference in time between signaling pathways that affect protein function vs. pathways…

A: Cells respond to the external environment or stimulus by activating a signaling pathway. It leads to…

Q: You are in a research lab studying the function of the mutated form of a receptor called Protein X,…

A: Protein X can be the Thyroid hormone receptor. The correct option is d.  Thyroid hormone is…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a description of an epigenetic modification? A. regulatory patterns…

A: Changes in gene expression that are not produced by changes in DNA sequences but are caused by…

Q: a hormone receptor gene is deleted from the genome of a cell.in the absence of the hormone,what…

A: A hormone receptor is a receptor molecule that binds to a specific hormone. These receptors could be…

Q: How does controlling gene expression alter the overall protein level in the cell

A: The process of gene expression consists of transcription and translation. Transcription is the…

Q: The binding of a small effector molecule, protein-protein interactions, and covalent modifications…

A: Transcription factors that bind to regulatory elements are called as regulatory transcription…

Q: You have a signaling pathway as follows: a hydrophilic signal molecule binds to its receptor,…

A: Signal is amplified when a single process activates a lot of proteins so, phosphorylation by kinase…

Q: Once again, justify each answer in one sentence. i) Is gene W most likely a positive or a negative…

A: A bacterium can produce fictamine, an imaginary amino acid. Initially, mutagenesis revealed three…

Q: What are the two major processes that allow a gene to be expressed? What is the difference between…

A: Gene expression. Process in which encoding of genetic material take place which contain information…

Q: Eukaryotic signal transduction pathways often involve multiple proteins transmitting a signal from…

A: Cell communication is essential to facilitate and coordinate intercellular functions. Often cells…

Q: What are positive regulators (activators) and negative regulators (repressors)? Describe.

A: Activators and repressors are two types of gene regulators, with activators causing positive…

Q: Give two examples of how gene expression may be repressed without altering the coding sequence.

A: Epigenetics is the study of how our behaviors and environment affect the way our genes work.

Q: . For which protein involved in these pathways could you measure the levels in the nucleus of cells…

A: Western blot analysis Western blotting is a technique which is widely used in the estimation of…

Q: In the early Drosophila embryo, there seems to be no requirement for the usual forms of cell–cell…

A: Drosophila is the genus of fly that belongs to the family of Drosophilidae that is commonly known as…

Q: How does integrin play role in cell signaling?

A: Cell signaling is the capacity of cells to receive, process, and send messages with their…

Q: Why do signals indicating damage to cells result in increase in the expression of p21Cip1?

A: P21cip1 is small 165 amino acid protein that mediates p53 dependent G1 growth arrest.

Q: What is meant by the differential activation of genes? Explain how this affects the synthesis of…

A: Genes are the basic structural and functional units of heredity. They play a major role in carrying…

Q: What property prevents the ligands of cell-surface receptors from entering the cell? a. The…

A: Cell-surface receptors are the membrane protein that binds to the ligand on the outer surface of the…

Q: Gene expression may change in response to external cues through the activity of multiple signal…

A: Gene regulation is the process by which a cell determines which of the numerous genes in its genome…

Q: Experiments show that mutations at gene E lead to non-repressible transcription of trp genes.  Why

A: In bacterial cells, the tryptophan operon is responsible for the synthesis of tryptophan amino acid.…

Q: What are two specific and different ways that neurotransmitter signaling at the membrane alters gene…

A: Neurotransmitters affect the post synaptic membrane thus forming either an Excitatory Post Synaptic…

Q: How does the hormone get from its secretory gland to its target tissue? • Are steroid hormones…

A: Since there are multiple questions in the image, I will explain the entire signaling cascade.…