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- The equality between MRP of labor and the MRC for labor determines the ______________________________________? Graph.How is the value of marginal product of labor (VMPL) defined? a.Price of output multiplied by the output of the last worker hired b.Price of output multiplied by the price of the last worker hired c.Price of the last worker hired d.Price of outputAfter controlling for age and education, it is found that the average woman earns $0.80 for every $1.00 earned by the average man. After controlling for occupation to control for compensating differentials (i.e., maybe men accept riskier or more stressful jobs than women, and therefore are paid more), the average woman earns $0.92 for every $1.00 earned by the average man. The conclusion is made that occupational choice reduces the wage gap 12 cents and discrimination is left to explain the remaining 8 cents.a. Explain why discrimination may explain more than 8 cents of the 20-cent differential (and occupational choice may explain less than 12 cents of the differential).b. Explain why discrimination may explain less than 8 cents of the 20-cent differential.
- Referring to the information provided in the table, what is the adult labor-force participation rate in Meditor? Labor Data for Adults (ages 16 and older) in MeditorFringe benefits:a. As you might have suspected, employee nonwage (fringe) benefits make up a muchlarger percentage of labor costs in the United States today than they did a few generationsago (refer to Table 3.1 in the textbook). Fringe benefits as a form of labor compensationis also very unique to the U.S. and other developed nations. Do you think that thegrowing fringe benefit share of labor costs has made the level of employment moreresponsive or less responsive to changes in labor demand over the ups and downs in theoverall economy? In other words, has it given the employers of labor more or lessflexibility as they try to adapt to continuously changing economic conditions?It is difficult to measure to what extentdiscrimination affects labor market outcomesbecausea. data on wages are crucial but not readilyavailable.b. firms misreport the wages they pay to hidediscriminatory practices.c. workers differ in their attributes and the types ofjobs they have.d. the same minimum-wage law applies to workersin all groups.
- Alternative explanations of wage disparities Suppose that a labour economist finds that one of her research subjects has earned significantly higher wages throughout his lifetime than would be predicted by standard measured variables. The economist also noted that each of the subject's positions was found through connections at his family's exclusive country club. Which one of the following most likely explains this person's unusually high earnings? a) Effort b) Compensating differentials c) Chance d) Efficiency wages Suppose that Frances receives higher pay at her workplace than her colleagues do, even though they perform essentially the same type of work. If Frances's productivity is about 25% higher than that of each of her colleagues, which of the following wage concepts can explain this wage disparity? Check all that apply. a) Efficiency wages b)The superstar phenomenon c) Discrimination d) Human capital e)…You are considering hiring an employee whose marginal revenue product will be $17 per hour, and the market wage for such workers is $15 per hour. You should Select one: a. hire the worker, but agree to pay her $19 per hour. b. not hire the worker since the marginal revenue product is too high. c. not hire the worker because the gap between marginal revenue product and the wage is not large enough. d. hire the worker at the market wage.Various factors contribute to the negativity in the labour relationship. Briefly discuss these factors.