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- Calculate the atp yeild from complete oxidation of the following molecules by the reaction of glycolysis citric acid cycle, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Maltose Fructose Secrotose .Glucose provides both blank and blank for the ETc in cellular respirationassuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and each fadh2 produces 2 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation (perfect world scenario), how many ATP molecules can one glucose molecule make via cellular respiration under aerobic conditions?
- Consider a brain cell with non-functional Complex II of the electron transport chain (Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components) In these cells/tissues, determine the following from the catabolism of the 2.5 moles of the disaccharide lactose (will be hydrolyzed first to yield glucose and galactose). Net ATP from glycolysis ATP from oxidative decarboxylation (if applicable) ATP formed from Krebs cycle (if applicable) Total net ATPIn terms of aerobic cellular respiration, explain how the irreversible steps of glycolysis and krebs, work in concert with oxidative phosphorylation (i.e., ETC and ATP synthase) to regulate the energy charge of the cell? Why do hepatocytes make more ATP from glucose than myocytes?The citric acid cycle is frequently described as the major pathway of aerobic catabolism, which means that it is an oxygen-dependent degradative process. However, none of the reactions of the cycle directly involve oxygen as a reactant. Why is the pathway oxygen dependent?
- How many total (NOT NET) molecules of ATP are synthesized from ADP via glycolysis of a single molecule of glucose? Explain by detailing the reactions (steps) involved.Cyanide causes an irreversible inhibition of electron transport that prevents ATP synthesis, whereas the inhibitoryeffect of small amounts of dinitrophenol on ATP synthesisis reversible. Explain the difference.Glycolysis Answer 1Choose...Outer Mitochondrial MembraneCytosolInner Mitochondrial MembraneCytosol & Mitochondrial MatrixMitochondrial Matrix Citric Acid Cycle Choose...Outer Mitochondrial MembraneCytosolInner Mitochondrial MembraneCytosol & Mitochondrial MatrixMitochondrial Matrix ATP synthesis Choose...Outer Mitochondrial MembraneCytosolInner Mitochondrial MembraneCytosol & Mitochondrial MatrixMitochondrial Matrix Electron Transport Choose...Outer Mitochondrial MembraneCytosolInner Mitochondrial MembraneCytosol & Mitochondrial MatrixMitochondrial Matrix
- The pH values of the different compartments are shown below: matrix Intermembrane space Cytosol pH 7.8 – 8.0 pH ~ 7.0pH 7.0 – 7.4 Proton flow through ATP synthase leads to the formation of ATP, a process defined as the binding-change mechanism that was initially proposed by Boyer. Briefly explain Boyer’s binding change mechanism for the ATP synthase.Which of the following conditions indicates a low cellenergy status? What impact does each of the followingconditions have on flux through the citric acid cycle?a. high NADH/NAD+ ratiob. high ATP/ADP ratio c. high acetyl-CoA concentrationd. low citrate concentratione. high succinyl-CoA concentrationMake a concept map using all of the following terms: GlycolysisOxidation of PyruvateCitric Acid CycleElectron Transport ChainChemiosmosisGlucoseOxidative Phos.Substrate level phosphatePyruvateacetyl-CoACO2OxygenWaterreduced elec. carriers (NADH)oxidized elec. carriers (NAD+)High enerGy Elec.Low enerGy Elec.H+ GradientADP + PiATP
