In the RBCs of the patient in the picture, which of the following would be expected? Explain. A. ADP to ATP ratios would be elevated above normalB. NADP+ would increase relative to NADPHC. Ribulose 5-phosphate levels would increaseD. NADH to NAD+ ratios would decreaseE. Methemoglobin levels would increase A 2-year-old black girl is being seen by the hematologist after her pediatrician found her to beseverely anemic with splenomegaly and jaundice. Her mother gives a possible history of a "bloodproblem" in her family but doesn't know for sure. Her hemoglobin electrophoresis was normal, andthe complete blood count (CBC) revealed a nomocytic anemia. The platelet and white blood cellcounts are normal. On the peripheral smear, there are many bizarre erythrocytes, includingspiculated cells. A diagnosis of pyruvate kinase deficiency is made.BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM:Pyruvate kinase deficiency usually will manifest clinical symptoms on red blood cells (RBCS) with noapparent metabolic abnormalities in other cells. Insufficient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) isproduced in the red cell and its membrane is affected, spiculated and removed by the spleen.CLINICAL CORRELATIONHemolytic anemia is not a common cause of anemia but should be considered in patients withelevated serum bilirubin or unine bilirubin levels. Lysis of the erythrocyte can occur from variousmechanisms such as medications, antibodies against red blood cells, infection, coagulopathy, andmechanical processes such as abnormal heart valves, and enzyme deficiencies of the red blood cell.Patients may notice fatigue, dizziness from the anemia, and dark colored (classically "coke-coloredurine) from the bilirubinuria. Confirmation of hemolysis can be obtained by the peripheral bloodsmear revealing fragmented red blood cells, or increased serum bilirubin or decreased serumhaptoglobin. Immunoglobulins can cause red blood cell lysis by attacking various proteins on thesurface of erythrocytes; autoimmune processes (body attacking itself), or alloimmune(immunoglobulins from outside) such as from a blood transfusion or a fetus from the mother. TheCoombs tests can assess for immunoglobulin on the red blood cell or circulating in the serum.Typically, hemolysis of the erythrocyte is associated with increased levels of RBC precursors in thebone marrow and thus immature forms of the erythrocytes in the bloodstream; therefore, anincreased reticulocyte concentration supports the increased destruction of red blood cells.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are the blood cells, which help to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues…

In the RBCs of the patient in the picture, which of the following would be expected? Explain. A. ADP to ATP ratios would be elevated above normal B. NADP+ would increase relative to NADPH C. Ribulose 5-phosphate levels would increase D. NADH to NAD+ ratios would decrease E. Methemoglobin levels would increase

In the RBCs of the patient in the picture, which of the following would be expected? Explain. A. ADP to ATP ratios would be elevated above normal B. NADP+ would increase relative to NADPH C. Ribulose 5-phosphate levels would increase D. NADH to NAD+ ratios would decrease E. Methemoglobin levels would increase

Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spiral bound Version (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305634350

Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder

Publisher:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder

Chapter1: Introduction To Medical Terminology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 52LE: A fever is considered to be a ____________________________. prognosis sign symptom syndrome

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A 2-year-old black girl is being seen by the hematologist after her pediatrician found her to be severely anemic with splenomegaly and jaundice. Her mother gives a possible history of a “blood problem” in her family but doesn’t know for sure. Her hemoglobin electrophoresis was normal, and the complete blood count (CBC) revealed a normocytic anemia. The platelet and white blood cell counts are normal. On the peripheral smear, there are many bizarre erythrocytes, including spiculated cells. A diagnosis of pyruvate kinase deficiency is made. In the RBCs of the patient described above, which of the following would be expected? And give the explanation. (3 sentences) ADP to ATP ratios would be elevated above normal. NADP+ would increase relative to NADPH. Ribulose 5-phosphate levels would decrease. NADH to NAD+ ratios would decrease. Methemoglobin levels would increase.
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