nutritional approach, those nutrients of MedilenuluH Which response correctly identify the response (aka: outcome, dependent) variable and explanatory (aka: independent) variable for this study? O None of the choices are the correct answer. O Cancer is the explanatory variable. Mediterranean diet is the response variable O Cardiovascular disease explanatory variable and survival is the response variable. O Cancer is the response variable. Mediterranean diet is the explanatorv variable.
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- Red wine contains flavonol, an antioxidant thought to have beneficial health effects. But to have an effect, the antioxidant must be absorbed into the blood. The article "Red Wine is a Poor Source of Bioavailable Flavonols in Men't describes a study to investigate three sources of dietary flavonol-red wine, yellow onions, and black tea-to determine the effect of source on absorption. The article included the following statement. We recruited subjects via posters and local newspapers. To ensure that subjects could tolerate the alcohol in the wine, we only allowed men with a consumption of at least seven drinks per week to participate... Throughout the study, the subjects consumed a diet that was low in flavonols. (a) What are the three treatments in this experiment? (Select all that apply.) O red wine O alcohol tolerance O yellow onions O amount of flavonols in the diet black tea absorption of flavonols O gender (b) What is the response variable? O red wine O alcohol tolerance O yellow…Early life corresponds to the first bacterial colonization of the digestive tract, creating a microbiome thought to play an important role in human development. What might be the effect of early exposure to antibiotics on children's development? One study followed 11,532 full-term babies all born in the county of Avon, United Kingdom, during 1991 and 1992. Exposures to antibiotics during infancy were recorded, along with measures of body mass at regular intervals over several years. The researchers found that antibiotic exposure during the first six months of life was associated with increased body mass later in childhood.Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and has several important functions. Most of the body calcium is stored in the bones and teeth, where it functions to support their structure. Recommendations for calcium are provided in Dietary Reference Intakes, developed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. The recommended adequate intake (RAI) for calcium for adults (ages 19-50) is 1000 mg per day. A random sample of 18 adults with incomes below the poverty level gave the following calcium intakes:886 633 943 847 934 8411193 820 774 834 1050 10581192 975 1313 872 1079 809Assume the population standard deviation for daily calcium intake for adults with incomes below the poverty level is 188mg.At the 0.05 level of significance, does the data provided above provide evidence to suggest that the mean calcium intake of all adults with incomes below the poverty level is less than the RAI pf 1000mg per day? Step 1: Define the parameter & setup the…
- Suppose a study investigated the effects of vitamin A, vitamin C, and omega-3 fatty acids supplements on improving eye health and vision. 300 adults volunteered to take part in the study. In the study, participants were randomly assigned to one of 3 different levels of Vitamin A (Level A, Level B, or Level C) and randomly assigned to one of 2 different levels of Vitamin C (Level 1 or Level 2) and randomly assigned to one of 2 different levels of omega-3 fatty acid (Level I or Level II). a. Identify the subjects of the study. b. Identify the factor(s) for the study and the number of treatment level(s) for each factor. c. How many different treatment groups are there in this study?The study “Evaluation of Prescribed Burning in Relation to Available Deer Browse” was undertaken at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1964 to determine if fire can be used as a viable management tool to increase the amount of forage available to deer during the crucial months in late winter and spring. Calcium is a required element for plants and animals. The amount taken up and stored in the plant is closely correlated to the amount present in the soil. It was hypothesized that fire may change the calcium levels present in the soil and thus affect the amount available to the deer. A large tract of land in the Fishburn Forest was selected for a prescribed burn. Soil samples were taken from 12 plots of equal area just prior to the burn on May 20, 1964, and analyzed for calcium. On July 16, 1964, postburn calcium levels were analyzed from the same plots. These values, in kilograms per plot, are presented in the following table. Do these data support the…In a study conducted in the Science Department of Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development in a University; the researcher examined the influence of the drug succinylcholine on the circulation levels of androgens in the blood. Blood samples from wild, free-ranging deer were obtained via the jugular vein immediately after an intramuscular injection of succinylcholine using darts and a capture gun. Deer were bled again approximately 30 minutes after the injection and then released. The level of androgens at time of capture and 30 minutes later, measured in nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml), for 15 deers as in Table Q1. Assuming that the populations of androgen at time of injection and 30 minutes later are normally distributed:i) Find the average and standard deviation of this studyii)Determine the critical region of this problem.iii) Test at the 0.05 level of significance whether the androgen concentrations are altered after 30 minutes of restraint.
- Beryllium is an extremely lightweight metal that is used in many industries, such as aerospace and electronics. Long-term exposure to beryllium can cause people to become sensitized. Once an individual is sensitized, continued exposure can result in chronic beryllium disease, which involves scarring of the lungs. In a study of the effects of exposure to beryllium, workers were categorized by their duration of exposure (in years) and by their disease status (diseased, sensitized, or normal). The results were as follows: Duration of Exposure <1 1 to <5 ≥5 Diseased 14 13 18 Sensitized 11 20 15 Normal 78 140 209 Test the hypothesis of independence. Use the a=0.10 level of significance and the P-value method with the TI-84 Plus calculator. What do you conclude? State the null and alternate hypotheses.A five year study was conducted among 5,000 men older than 65 years to examine the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and the onset of atrial fibrillation. The men were assessed each year. Men who drank heavily contributed a total of 12,500 person-years of observation and 250 of those who drank heavily developed atrial fibrillation. A total of 24,000 person-years were observed for the entire study. And 100 men who did not drink heavily developed atrial fibrillation. What was the cumulative incidence of atrial fibrillation in the study assuming no men had atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study? What was the point prevalence of atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study?Anemia (low healthy blood cells or hemoglobin) has an important role in exercise performance. However, the direct link between rapid changes of hemoglobin and exercise performance is still unknown. A study investigated 18 patients with a blood disorder (beta-thalassemia). Participants in the study performed an exercise test before and the day after receiving a blood transfusion. Data are given in the table. HB = Hemoglobin RER = Respiratory exchange ID Change in HB Obese RER > 1.1 ratio No No 1 -1.4 No -1.5 No Yes No Yes 3 -2 No 4 -2.1 No -1.9 Yes Yes No -1.6 -1.8 -0.8 6 7 No Yes No Yes 8 9. -1 No No -1.2 No Yes 10 11 No No -0.8 -1.5 12 Yes No No Yes 13 14 -1.4 -2.6 -1.7 No No Yes Yes 15 Yes No Yes Yes 16 -2.6 No 17 18 -2.7 -1.5 No
- Chronic wasting disease is a fatal disease of deer and elk believed to be caused by transmissible prions. The origin, development, and spread of chronic wasting disease in free-ranging deer and elk populations are not well understood. One factor directly related to the control of chronic wasting disease is the incubation period in free-ranging animals. Boxplots are shown for estimates of the incubation period of chronic wasting disease in North American deer and elk between 2011 and 2016. Incubation period of chronic wasting disease in North American deer and elk 80- 70- 60- 50- 40- 30- 20- 10- 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 YearA deficiency of the trace element selenium in the diet can negatively impact growth, immunity, muscle and neuromuscular function, and fertility. The introduction of selenium supplements to dairy cows is justified when pastures have low selenium levels. Authors of a research paper supplied the following data on milk selenium concentration (mg/L) for a sample of cows given a selenium supplement (the treatment group) and a control sample given no supplement, both initially and after a 9-day period. Initial Measurement Treatment Control 11.4 9.1 9.6 8.7 10.1 9.7 8.5 10.8 10.2 10.9 10.6 10.6 11.9 10.1 9.9 12.3 10.7 8.8 10.2 10.4 10.3 10.9 11.4 10.4 9.3 11.6 10.6 10.9 10.9 8.3 After 9 Days Treatment Control 138.3 9.2 104 8.9 96.4 8.9 89 10.1 88 9.6 103.8 8.6 147.3 10.4 97.1 12.4 172.6 9.2 146.3 9.5 99 8.4 122.3 8.8 103 12.5 117.8 9.1 121.5 93 (a) Use the given data for the treatment group to determine if…A study was conducted to assess the impact of nutrient enrichment on zooplankton densities in A & B Islands. An ecologist sampled populations of zooplankton in these two locations and observed the nutrient enrichment level was higher in A island when compared with the level in B island. It is predicted the zooplankton densities in A island will be greater than those found in B island.