Python) Write a function that takes in a list (L) as input, and returns the number of inversions. An inversion in L is a pair of elements x and y such that x appears before y in L, but x > y. Your function must run in -place and implement the best possible algorithm of time complexity.  def inversions(L: List) -> int: '''finds and returns the number of inversions'''

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Randomized Select Algorithm

A randomized algorithm is defined as one that uses a certain amount of randomization in its logic or operation. It is said to be an algorithm that depends on the random number to perform its operation. It is used for reducing the overall time complexity, space complexity in the standard algorithm. The randomized algorithm uses the concept of random numbers to find the solutions to the different kinds of problems and also to improve the problem solutions.