Q4.7. In DNA replication, what is the difference between the leading and lagging strands? In the leading strand, DNA is synthesized 5'-3', while the direction of synthesis in the lagging strand may be either 5'-3' or 3'-5'. The leading strand is composed of DNA only, while the lagging strand is composed of both RNA and DNA. After extension, the leading strand is continuous, while the lagging strand is composed of disconnected fragments. The leading strand is synthesized only by DNA polymerase III, while the lagging strand is synthesized only by DNA polymerase I.
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
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