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Show how enols, enolate ions, and
enamines act as nucleophiles
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- Illustrate the Opening of Epoxide Rings with Strong Nucleophiles ?Show how enols, enamines, and enolate ions act as nucleophiles. Give mechanismsfor acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed keto–enol tautomerisms.Draw a detailed mechanism for the Grignard reaction performed in this experiment, starting from phenylmagnesium bromide and benzophenone and ending with triphenylcarbinol. You do not need to show the mechanism for the formation of phenylmagnesium bromide.
- what would a detailed step-by-step mechanism be for a reaction between bromine and trans-stilbene if the solvent, ethanol, is a stronger nucleophile than the bromide ions?Show how the m-bromobenzonitrile can be synthesized from benzene:Please explain the synthesis. Identify SN1, SN2, E1, E2, nucleophiles and ekectrophiles.
- Like other strong nucleophiles, triphenylphosphine attacks and opens epoxides. The initial product (a betaine) quickly cyclizes to an oxaphosphetane that collapses to an alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide. Show how this sequence might be used to convert cis-cyclooctene to trans-cyclooctene.Explain using resonance structures of the intermediates (please explain and draw them out) why the bromination of phenol is faster than the bromination of phenyl ester?p-Fluoronitrobenzene is more reactive toward hydroxide ion than is p-chloronitrobenzene. What does this tell you about the rate-determining step for nucleophilic aromatic substitution?