Suppose that the love-for-variety parameter in the Dixit-Stiglitz model is equal 0.22. The absolute value of price elasticity of demand is then equal:
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- Using the one factor Ricardian model concept and the unit labor requirements information in the table below, determine d) In what commodity production, foreign has a comparative advantage.Explain.e) Which country has an absolute advantage. Explainf) If PC is the price of Cheese and PW is the price of Wine, and PC = PW, thenWhat commodities will domestic specialize in?g) If PC is the price of Cheese and PW is the price of Wine, and PC = PW, thenwhat commodities will foreign specialize in?h) Using the comparative advantage information above, determine the commodity thatexported and imported by domestic and foreign respectively?i) If PC = PW or PC/PW = 1, what is the gain from trade obtaineddomestic and foreign if each country specializes inwhich production has a comparative advantage? Explain.j) If if PC = PW = $9, what is the wage relative to trade.Which country's workforce benefits from the trade?Consider an H-O economy in which there are two countries (US and France), two goods (wine and cheese) and two factors (capital and labor). In each question below you are given partial information about the model and asked to infer some other part. Treat each question separately and independently. 1. Suppose a decrease in the price of cheese causes a decrease in the wage rate in the US economy. Which factor is used intensively in cheese production in France? Which H-O theorem is used to get this answer? Explain. 2. Suppose France exports wine, the capital-intensive good. Which factor benefits from free trade in the US? Explain. 3. Suppose workers in France benefit when tariffs are increased on cheese imports. Which factor is used intensively in cheese production? What is France's abundant factor? Explain.If countries specialize according to their absolute advantage then the Ricardian model statesthata. the. trade is beneficial for all trade partners.b. trade is a stupid idea anyway.c.it is ambiguous whether trade is beneficial for all trade partners.d. trade is only beneficial for those who have absolute advantage as well
- In the model of the poverty trap used by Sachs (also known as the Lewis model), Y=min(AK,BL). (where Y is GDP, K is capital stock, L is labor, and A and B are model parameters). Using this model, give an algebraic expression for the minimum amount of aid necessary to exit a poverty trap for a country. The necessary aid should be as a ratio to the recipient’s GDP. Show how this amount depends on the depreciation rate for the capital stock, the population growth rate for the country, the rate of return to capital (A), and the recipient country’s saving rate. Now calculate the required amount of aid if the depreciation rate = .05, the population growth rate =.02, A=0.2, B=0.4, and the saving rate = 0.15. Explain why the country would remain in poverty without this amount of aid. Discuss what assumptions on surplus labor and aid effects are necessary for the model to be correct on how aid is both necessary and sufficient to end the poverty trap. Discuss what the model says about…In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade A. will tend to make rents equal to interest ratesB. will tend to make the wages in both countries less similarC. will tend to make the wages in both countries more similarD. will tend to make the wages equal to returns to capitalSuppose that all social programs simultaneously become more generous. In particular, suppose that there is an increase in UI benefits, and also an increase in welfare benefits, which are represented in the two-sided search model as payments to everyone who is not in the labor force. What will be the effects on the unemployment rate, the vacancy rate, the labour force, the number of active firms, the aggregate output, and the labour market tightness? Draw the two-sided search model diagrams and explain the results and economics intuitions. Imagine you need to explain the mechanisms to your friends who do not seem to have learned the two-sided search model, so you may need to start with introducing key economic concepts very clearly. (Hints: for simplicity, assume the case when there is a uniform payment p to each person not in the labour force, and an increase by p in the employment insurance benefit.)
- The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts that trade in goods leads to convergence in prices of factors between different countries. True False1 In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, there are two factors, skilled labor and unskilled labor. Use a well-labeled RS-RD graph to show as well as state how wage premium (Ws/Wu) will change in Mexico if Mexico offshores their R&D jobs to UK.Consider an economy divided into an agricultural sector (A) and an industrial sector (S). To produce one unit in sector A requires 1/6 unit from A and 1/4 unit from S. To produce one unit in sector S requires 1/4 unit from A and 1/4 units from S. Suppose final demands in each of the two sectors are 50 units. Let x and y denote total production in industries A and S respectively. What is the Leontief system for this economy?
- Do the migration trends, unemployment trends and rural-urban income ratio trends behave in the way you would expect based on the Harris-Todaro model? Explain.The gravity model implies that lower distance between two countries is associated to more trade between and higher tax revenue in both countries more trade between and higher welfare in both countries more trade between the countries and higher welfare in at least one of the countries None of the above.In the Solow model in which y=Akα (where y is GDP per worker and k is capital per worker), compare the poverty trap model to the incentives model. Discuss whether the following statements are true or false in each model, using graphs and equations to explain and prove your conclusions:a. There exists some level of aid sufficient to get any poor country out of povertyb. There exists some threshold above which aid can be discontinued.c. A country’s long-run per capita income depends on where its per capita income is now.d. When the country is open to capital flows in or out, the main determinant of development is government policies and institutions e. Two pieces of evidence support the existence of poverty traps: (1) Growth of poor countries is slower than that of richer countries, and (2) Growth accelerates when a poor country exits poverty (explain why the poverty trap model predicts (1) and (2) and whether these predictions are confirmed by the data).