tActivity.do?locator%3Dassignment-take [References] Using the data below, calculate the change in energy expected for each of the following processes. Successive Ionization Energies (kJ/mol) Atom I Li 520. 7282 Са 590. 1145 Electron Affinities of the Halogens Atom Electron Affinity (kJ/mol) Br -324.5 -295.2 Li(g) +Br(g) Li* (g) +Br (9) a. Change in energy = kJ b. Ca(g) +I(g) Ca* (g) +I(9) Change in energy kJ Ca+ (9) + I(g) → Ca+ (g) +I (g) с. Change in energy = kJ d. Ca(g) + 21(g) → Ca+ (9) + 21 (9) Change in energy kJ

tActivity.do?locator%3Dassignment-take [References] Using the data below, calculate the change in energy expected for each of the following processes. Successive Ionization Energies (kJ/mol) Atom I Li 520. 7282 Са 590. 1145 Electron Affinities of the Halogens Atom Electron Affinity (kJ/mol) Br -324.5 -295.2 Li(g) +Br(g) Li* (g) +Br (9) a. Change in energy = kJ b. Ca(g) +I(g) Ca* (g) +I(9) Change in energy kJ Ca+ (9) + I(g) → Ca+ (g) +I (g) с. Change in energy = kJ d. Ca(g) + 21(g) → Ca+ (9) + 21 (9) Change in energy kJ

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter3: Atomic Shells And Classical Models Of Chemical Bonding

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7P

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At large interatomic separations, an alkali halide molecule MX has a lower energy as two neutral atoms, M+X ; at short separations, the ionic form (M+)(X) has a lower energy. At a certain distance, Rc , the energies of the two forms become equal, and it is near this distance that the electron will jump from the metal to the halogen atom during a collision. Because the forces between neutral atoms are weak at large distances, a reasonably good approximation can be made by ignoring any variation in potential V(R) for the neutral atoms between Rc and R= . For the ions in this distance range, Rc is dominated by their Coulomb attraction. (a) Express Rc for the first ionization energy of the metal M and the electron affinity of the halogen X. (b) Calculate Rc for LiF, KBr, and NaCl using data fromAppendix F.
Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L. Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk. F. R. McFeely, and L Ley: Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544-552, 1977.) (a) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 1079, 70.8, 38.0, 5.14 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively. (b) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 4043, 443, 351, 48.4, 30.1, and 6.11 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 2 electrons, respectively. (c) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 5475, 638, 524, 77, 47, 12. and 7.3 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 3, and 2 electrons, respectively.
The energy needed to remove one electron from a gaseous potassium atom is only about two-thirds as much as that needed to remove one electron from a gaseous calcium atom, yet nearly three times as much energy as that needed to remove one electron from K+ as from Ca+ . What explanation can you give for this contrast? What do you expect to be the relation between the ionization energy of Ca+ and that of neutral K?
A gold nucleus is located at the origin of coordinates, andan electron is brought to a position 2 Å from the origin inthe 1y direction.(a) Calculate the force on the gold nucleus exerted by theelectron giving its components Fx and Fy.(b) Calculate the potential energy of the gold nucleus andthe electron.
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Q.1(a) What were the important advance (s) as a result of which, idea of an electron orbitmovement was swapped by, the notion of probability of finding electron in an orbital?What name was given to the transformed atomic model? Also explain its variouspostulates.(b) Which quantum numbers revel information about the shape, energy, orientation, andsize of the orbitals? How many orbitals are possible for n=4? Which of these may bedescribed as gerade?(c) The signs of the unsquared wave functions are usually shown in plots of the squaredfunctions. Why do you think this practice exists? Give values of angular nodes andplane of 3p, 4d, 2p, 4f, 4s.(d) Predict the trend in values of slater’s constant of the every first element of each groupof p-block elements.
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