The diffusion coefficient for potassium ions crossing a biological membrane 10 nm thick is 1.0 x 10-11 m2/s. What flow rate of potassium ions will move across an area of 100 nm x 100 nm if the concentration difference across the membrane is 0.5 mol/dm3.

The diffusion coefficient for potassium ions crossing a biological membrane 10 nm thick is 1.0 x 10-11 m2/s. What flow rate of potassium ions will move across an area of 100 nm x 100 nm if the concentration difference across the membrane is 0.5 mol/dm3.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5UC

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Which of the following arrangement based on the increasing order of motion is correct?a) Uncatalysed…

A: One of the striking feature of the biological membrane is the ability of biological membranes is…

Q: Describe the effect of a blocker of cellular ATP production (e.g. anoxia plus sodium fluoride) on…

A: Considering the case as mentioned i.e. anoxia which refers to the oxygen Deficiency in cell. Here…

Q: The resting membrane potential of a cell is the consequence of which of the following concentrations…

A: Introduction - The voltage across a cell membrane during its resting state is called the resting…

Q: Which of the following describes cotransport (secondary active transport)? Group of answer choices…

A: The plasma membrane of the cell is the regulatory component that is responsible for the regulation…

Q: What is the free energy change for the transport of calcium ions (Ca++) across a membrane from a…

A: Ions are distributed on either side of the cell membrane. The transport of ions across the membrane…

Q: If you made a hematocrit in two tubes. Tube A is made of 0.60M NaCl, and Tube B is made of 1.00M of…

A: Introduction Hematocrit is a measure of the size and amount of red blood cells in an individual. Red…

Q: Diffuse Side B to Side A

A: The correct option is b. NaCl always diffuses from a medium of low concentration to a medium of high…

Q: Describe the difference between carrier proteins and channel proteins. What is required for the…

A: * The channel proteins are proteins that have ability to form hydrophilic pores in cell membranes…

Q: Uniporters and ion channels allow the movement of ions across cellular membranes. While both are…

A: Ion channels are membrane proteins that produce pores that enable ions to flow through. A uniporter…

Q: Construct a graph showing difusión time vs column height: don't forget to label axis. Consider how…

A: Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low…

Q: Which line on the attched graph shows simple diffusion and which shows carrier mediated transport?…

A: a

Q: You have 3 cubes, A, B, and C. They have surface to volume ratios of 3:1, 5:2, and 4:1 respectively.…

A: Diffusion is the movement of ions, molecules from the region of high concentration to the region of…

Q: Below is a set of absorbance data that you obtained while doing an experiment studying the diffusion…

A: When a substance moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through…

Q: Definition Diagram Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Solute In the osmosis video, will the solution…

A: The movement of solvent molecules through the semipermeable membrane is referred to as osmosis. It's…

Q: With regard to fluid movement between body fluid compartments, what effect does oral/parenteral…

A: Osmolality increases when you are dehydrated and decreases when you have too much fluid in your…

Q: Glucose transport across cell membranes varies depending upon blood glucose levels. When glucose…

A: Facilitated diffusion In this diffusion the passive transport of substances across the membrane…

Q: How do neutral solutes move across the plasma membrane? Can the polarmolecules also move across it…

A: The plasma membrane separates the cell from the external environment and it controls the movement of…

Q: A migrating fish would be rapidly transferring substances across cell membranes. These substances…

A: By diffusion, molecules and ions move spontaneously down their concentration gradient (i.e., from a…

Q: What might determine the value for the maximal flux of a mediated transport?

A: Through these ion channels, the other molecules like glucose and amino acid cannot cross the…

Q: c)NaCl? My reasoning behind this is because molecules under 100 Da can use simple diffusion, while…

A: Diffusion is the passage of molecules from high concentration towards low concentration. In a cell…

Q: The osmolarity of a 1 M NaCl solution will be _______ to a 1 M solution of CaCl2. Group of answer…

A: OSMOTIC PRESSURE It is the pressure that must be applied to the solution side to stop fluid movement…

Q: What determine the direction in which net diffusion of a nonpolar molecule will occur?

A: Diffusion is the random movement of molecules and has a net direction towards region of lower…

Q: If the percent difference is a positive number, what does this tell us about the movement of water…

A: The cell membrane, which regulates the movement of liquids, dissolved solids, and gases into and out…

Q: If the intracellular concentration of sodium ions in a cell is 5 mM and the extracellular…

A: The biological membrane is made up of lipids such as phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol, and…

Q: What are the ionic differences between the extracellular and intracellular fluids? • Give the theory…

Q: Which of the following is inversely related to the rate of diffusion for certain substance: a-…

A: Diffusion can be defined as a process in which there is movement of moleules takes place from the…

Q: According to Fick’s law of diffusion, which factors determine rate of diffusion?

A: Fick's law of diffusion describes the movement of solute from the region of higher concentration to…

Q: using potassium permanganate as an example, explain in your own words how Brownian motion relates to…

A: Brownian Movement in defined as the the random zig-zag motion of a particle under high power…

Q: In general, what is the relationship between membrane fluidity and membrane permeability?

A: The protective plasma membrane, sometimes also known as the cell membrane, has a bilayer of lipids,…

Q: Use the Stokes-Einstein equation to estimate the diffusion coefficient in m²/s and in µm²/s for the…

A: The Stoke-Einstein equation is used for calculating the diffusion coefficient of spherical…

Q: What is the diffusion coefficient of a membrane-bound protein of molar mass 79,300 daltons density…

A: Diffusion coefficient of the protein is measured as protein mass transfer with between the two…

Q: What is the value for the w (water potential) of a cell when placed in a hypertonic saline solution…

A: Question - What is the value for the ψw (water potential) of a cell when placed in a hypertonic…

Q: Define the following as applied to electrical activity of cells (i) Action Potential (ii)…

A: Hi! As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the first question for you. If you…

Q: Which of the following statements concerning osmosis is FALSE ? The osmolarity of the extracellular…

A: Osmosis is the unconstrained net development of dissolvable particles through a specifically…

Q: A free energy calculationfor transport is calculated as AGirans = (0.00831 kJmol-K-) (37 + 273) K…

A: The charges on the cell membrane are due to the transport of the respective type of ions via the…

Q: Discuss the concept of a concentration gradient and how it relates to diffusion vs active transport

A: Transportation is the process by which molecules move across cell surface.

Q: Usually , rates of diffusion vary inversely with molecular weights; so smaller molecules diffuse…

A: In cells, both cAMP and calcium ions function as secondary messengers. It means both of these…

Q: The osmolarity of plasma is maintained at about 300 mOsM. What would the osmolarity inside a red…

A: To maintain at equilibrium which means neither the fluid or electrolytes will

Q: You have a semi permeable membrane with a membrane potential of -90mV. You also have two ions that…

A: Nernst equation gives us the equilibrium membrane potential . Nernst equation is given below. Vm…

Q: Without saturation of transport proteins and under the same concentration gradient how can the speed…

A: Diffusion is the process in which particles moves from higher concentration region to lower…

Q: How do electroneutral co-transporters depend on the transmembrane potential? Select one: a. They…

A: Membrane potential is the difference in electric potential between the interior and exterior of a…

Q: Charged Particle Concentration (mM) Inside Concentration (mM) Outside Na 15 150 K- 150 A- 100 Based…

A: The given question is about the conduction of impulse across the nerve membrane , This is because of…

Q: In terms of their effect on the rate of diffusion, which of the following is the odd one out? a)…

A: Diffusion in biological sciences can be defined as the movement of molecules according to the…

Q: What determines the direction in which net diffusion of a nonpolar molecule will occur?

A: Cells, the most fundamental and vital unit of life, are found in all living things. A cell oversees…

Q: A solution containing 3.58 x 1023 molecules/m3 of protein in water is separated from pure water by a…

A: Introduction: According to Fick's first law, the movement of particles from high to low…

Q: Define the terms (i) facilitated diffusion, (ii) primary active transport and (iii) secondary active…

A: Transport means the export and import of molecules inside the cell or outside the cell. The membrane…

Q: Which type(s) of vesicular transport is for nonspecific engulfment of fluid and materials from…

A: Receptor-mediated endocytosis: It is a process through which a cell absorbs metabolites,…

Q: Piston C Piston D Solution A Solution B Semipermeable membrane Above is a crude cartoon of a…

A: Osmosis is a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane…

Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step 3

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

One of the important uses of the Nernst equation is in describing the flow of ions across plasma membranes. Ions move under the influence of two forces: the concentration gradient (given in electrical units by the Nernst equation) and the electrical gradient (given by the membrane voltage). This is summarized by Ohms law: Ix=Gx(VmEx) which describes the movement of ion x across the membrane. I is the current in amperes (A); G is the conductance, a measure of the permeability of x, in Siemens (S), which is I/V;Vm is the membrane voltage; and Ex is the equilibrium potential of ion x. Not only does this equation tell how large the current is, but it also tells what direction the current is flowing. By convention, a negative value of the current represents either a positive ion entering the cell or a negative ion leaving the cell. The opposite is true of a positive value of the current. a. Using the following information, calculate the magnitude of Na [ Na+ ]0=145mM,[ Na+ ]i=15mM,Gna+=1nS,Vm=70mV b. Is Na+ entering or leaving the cell? c. Is Na+ moving with or against the concentration gradient? Is it moving with or against the electrical gradient?
Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of sodium chloride on side 1 is higher than on side 2. Which of the following ionic movements would occur? a. Na+ would move until its concentration gradient is dissipated (until the concentration of Na+ on side 2 is the same as the concentration of Na+ on side 1). b. Cl- would move down its concentration gradient from side 1 to side 2. c. A membrane potential, negative on side 1, would develop. d. A membrane potential, positive on side 1, would develop. e. None of the preceding is correct.
For most neurons, the extracellular concentration of chloride ions (Cl-) is 108 mM, whilethe intracellular concentration of Cl- is 5 mM.If the plasma membrane becomes more permeable to Cl-, would there be Clinflux or Cl- efflux at an RMP of -70 mV? Why?
If the percent difference is a positive number, what does this tell us about the movement of water across the membrane?
• Describe the concept of transport maximum (Tm). • Explain the membrane potential and the equilibrium potential. • What information does the Nernst Equation provide? What is the limitation inherent to the Nernst Potential?
You have a semi permeable membrane with a membrane potential of -90mV. You also have two ions that are both permeable to the membrane, Na and Cl. Na has a concentration of 10mM inside the membrane and 120mM outside the membrane. Cl has a concentration of 1.5mM inside the membrane and 77.5mM outside the membrane. Use the nernst equation to calculate the electrochemical equilibrium of both ions, and show in which direction the netflux would be for each ion.
The osmolarity of plasma is maintained at about 300 mOsM. What would the osmolarity inside a red blood cell need to be to maintain osmotic equilibrium between the intracellular fluid and plasma? Give one specific reason why it is important to maintain plasma omolarity within a narrow range of values.
In the situations described below, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na+ is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentration is 48 μM to a region where it is 110 mM? (Assume T=37∘C.) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV.
if an object b has a plasma sodium concentration of 135mOsm/L and an intracellular concentration of 4mOsm/L. It also has a plasma concentration of potassium of 20mOsm/L and an intracellular concentration of 200mOsm/L. studies identify that the cells have a permeability to potassium that is 10 times greater than sodium. What is the resting membrane potential
V=62 log 10 (C0/Ci ) for a positive ion at 37 degrees Celsius. What is theoretical ratio of solution ion across the membrane when the resting membrane potential is 124 mV?
A hypothetical cell has a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell than inside the cell but an equal amount of chloride outside the cell and inside the cell. Based on its electrochemical gradient, which direction would chloride ions move across the cell membrane?
Given that the relative molecular mass of potassium chloride (KCl) is 74.5513 g mol-1, calculate the concentration of potassium chloride solution which will be iso-osmotic with tears (305 mOsM). State your answer in both molar concentration (mol/L) and in percentage (g/100 mL). Please answer very soon will give rating surely