The DNA translocation generating the Philadelphia chromosome involves which protooncogene and is diagnostic for which disease? A RAS G protein, colon carcinoma RAS G protein, chronic B myelogenous leukemia c-MYC transcription factor, C Burkitt's lymphoma
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- The P63 and P53 have similar functionalities in the cell, however, p53 is rarely associated directly with p63, suggesting that p63 may indirectly act as an oncogene by blocking p53 function. This hypothesis may also explain why p63 is associated with other indications of misinterpretation. I do understand the above statement, however once piece not clear – why would p63 block p53 function? Have these genes been shown to have opposing functions? From the background information provided above, it seems like they would have seminar functions. Explain.MSH2 is a gene commonly associated with HNPCC (Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer). This gene encodes a protein that is involved in mismatch repair. Why are individuals who are heterozygous for the deletion mutation of MSH2 gene (MSH2+/MSH2-) from birth are very likely to develop colon cancer very early in their lives?Describe an example of a pathological condition that results in mutants genes that control expression of the inducer or components of its pathway. Inducing Factor Signal Transduction Pathway and Components Developmental Functions and Target Cell/Tissue Associated Pathologies Hedgehog EGF
- Cyclin D/cdk 4,6 inhibits retinoblastoma protein (Rb) binding to...., which ultimately affects gene expression. cycling-dependent kinase tramscription factor E2F p53 oncogenesIn tumor cells obtained from patients with Burkittlymphoma, a cancer of the immune system’s B cells,the myc gene often appears close to one of the breakpoints of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 8 and 14. In this translocated position, myc is expressed at a higher-than-normal level. Scientists hypothesize that Myc protein overexpression in B cellscontributes to lymphoma formation.a. Explain how transgenic mice produced using pronuclear injection could be used to test this hypothesis. (Assume that you previously cloned a generegulatory region that is active specifically in Bcells throughout the life of the mouse.)b. Suppose you wanted to overexpress Myc only inthe immune cells of mice, starting at one week ofage. To restrict Myc transcription spatially, youwill use same promoter described in part (a). Torestrict Myc transcription temporally, you will usea cre transgene whose expression is controlled byheat shock (hs-cre). Describe the mouse you wouldcreate to accomplish…Intitial analysis of a human colon cancer tumor indicates mutations/defects in APC, B-Raf and p53. Which of the genes below is also most likely mutated in this tumor (select one)? A. Beta-catenin B. K-RAS C. SMAD4 D. MDM2 E. p14 ARF
- Describe an example of a pathological condition that results in mutants genes that control expression of the inducer or components of its pathway. Inducing Factor Signal Transduction Pathway and Components Developmental Functions and Target Cell/Tissue Associated Pathologie 1. Hedgehog 2. EGFWhich ONE of the following genetic patterns defines a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia with the most favourable prognosis? Select one: A.Deletion of chromosome 5 B.Normal karyotype with FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain mutation C.t(8;21) translocation D.Deletion of chromosome 7Which of the following associated with cancer development would you expect to be tumor promoters and not genotoxic carcinogens (select all that apply)? A. Excessive alcohol consumption that kills liver cells B. Bisphenol A which mimics the activity of estrogen C. Chemical in pesticides that binds and activates a transcription factor that cause activation of NFkB D. Chemical in cigarette smoke that forms adduct with DNA E. A viral infection that causes ulcerative coilitis of GI tract
- Describe an example of a pathological condition that results in mutants genes that control expression of the inducer or components of its pathway. Inducing Factor Signal Transduction Pathway and Components Developmental Functions and Target Cell/Tissue Associated Pathologies TGF-B FGF Hedgehog EGFIn Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma, NOS; Breast Invasive Cancer, NOS; Invasive Breast Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Lobular Carcinoma; Breast Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma] what role does the genes Tp53 and Tp63 have? Would one of them affect the other (i.e. mutation, etc) or there is not relationship among the two genes at all.The Wnt planar polarity signaling pathway nor-mally ensures that each wing cell in Drosophila has a sin-gle hair. Overexpression of the Frizzled gene from a heat-shock promoter (hs-Fz) causes multiple hairs to grow frommany cells (Figure Q15–5A). This phenotype is suppressedif hs-Fz is combined with a heterozygous deletion (DshΔ)of the Dishevelled gene (Figure Q15–5B). Do these resultsallow you to order the action of Frizzled and Dishevelledin the signaling pathway? If so, what is the order? Explainyour reasoning
