The efficiency of a Carnot's cycle is 1/5. If on reducing the temperature of the cold body by 55°C, then the efficiency becomes 1/3, calculate the initial and final temperatures between which the cycle is working. (a) 412°C, 330°c (b) 139°C, 57.0°C (c) 110°C, 45.0°C (d) 190°C, 45.0°

The efficiency of a Carnot's cycle is 1/5. If on reducing the temperature of the cold body by 55°C, then the efficiency becomes 1/3, calculate the initial and final temperatures between which the cycle is working. (a) 412°C, 330°c (b) 139°C, 57.0°C (c) 110°C, 45.0°C (d) 190°C, 45.0°

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter4: The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 64P: A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: A gas-turbine power plant operating on an ideal Brayton cycle has a pressure ratio of 8. The gas…

Q: Starting with system doing work without heat transfer, match the following processes that make up…

Q: One mole of ideal monatomic gas undergoes the cycle shown in Fig. 1, consist- ing of an isothermal…

Q: In a heat engine, 2.00 mol of a diatomic gas are carried through the cycle ABCDA, shown in Figure.…

A: Given data: Number of moles, n =2.00 mole Pressure at A ,PA =5.00 atm. Temperature,TA =600 K.…

Q: Consider a monatomic ideal gas operating through the Carnot cycle. The initial volume of the gas is…

Q: A certain heat engine performs a cycle described by the curve A→B→C→A in the p-V diagram shown in…

A: Given, VA = 0.89×10-3 m3VB = 3.2×10-3 m3PA = 2.92×106 PaPB = 2.14×106 PaPC = 0.98×106 Pa

Q: As shown in the figure, a chamber with a moveable piston and containing a monatomic ideal gas in an…

Q: Please help me

Q: By operating a reversible thermal machine with an ideal gas as the working substance in a Carnot…

A: Here we only know the temperature at all points. T3 = T4 = TQ T1 = T2 = TF At every point PV =…

Q: A certain heat engine performs a cycle described by the curve A→B→C→A in the p-V diagram shown in…

A: Net output work done is equal to the area under the PV diagram

Q: how would I find the pressure at point "a" in this question?

A: From adiabatic process, the pressure at point c is,

Q: As shown in the figure, a chamber with a moveable piston and containing a monatomic ideal gas in an…

A: Find the volume of the gas at state C (in L). Determine values (in kJ) for Q, W, and ΔEint for the…

Q: A certain gasoline engine is modeled as a monatomic ideal gas undergoing an Otto cycle, represented…

Q: A gasoline engine uses 2 moles of monoatomic ideal gas as the working substance. Figure 3 shows the…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: Which of these DOES NOT happen during the Carnot cycle? A. The gas expands quasi-statically at…

A: Ques:

Q: A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 23.4% when the hot reservoir temperature is 583°C. If we want…

Q: Repeat the preceding calculations for an ideal diatomic gas expanding adiabatically from an initial…

A: Given data The initial volume of the gas is vi = 0.500 m3. The final volume of the gas is vf = 1.25…

Q: As shown in the figure, a container with a moveable piston and containing a monatomic ideal gas in…

A: GIVEN the gas volume in the initial state = 7.00 L, pressure of the gas = 3.00 atm, the…

Q: The temperature of a spark ignition engine operating according to the ideal Otto cycle is T1 = 325 K…

Q: An internal combustion engine has the following characteristics: (a) the combustion chamber…

A: From the question, it is given that- Combustion temperature of chamber: Th = 1900oC =1900+273 =…

Q: The figure shows a reversible cycle through which 1.00 mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken.…

A: Given that,n=1 moleVc=8VbVb=3.6×10-3 m3Pb=11 atm

Q: In a heat engine, 2.00 mol of a diatomic gas are carried through the cycle ABCDA, shown in Figure.…

A: (A) Consider the process A to B. Since, the process is isothermal. So, using ideal gas Law: Also,…

Q: A heat engine (Carnot cycle ) has its intake and exhaust temperature of 157°C and 100°C,…

A: Given data: A heat engine Intake temperature (TH) = 157°C Exhaust temperature (TC) = 100°C…

Q: A thermodynamic system is taken from an original state D to an intermediate state E by'the linear…

Q: A certain heat engine performs a cycle described by the curve A→B→C→A in the p-V diagram shown in…

Q: The PV diagram in the figure below shows a set of thermodynamic processes that make up a cycle ABCDA…

A: Given that the pressure of A and pressure of B and pressure of C is given and also given the number…

Q: A heat engine consists of the cycle shown for 3 moles of an ideal 2 2p monatomic gas. It starts at…

Q: Р (atm) a 1.5 FT V (m³) O 0.0020 0.0090

A: The volume of a gas at state a and c are the same because of the constant volume process. The…

Q: The PV diagram shows three moles of an ideal monatomic gas going through a cyclic process. The…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub parts for…

Q: A Carnot cycle is a thermodynamic process consisting of four stages: 1) isothermal expansion; 2)…

A: Hello. Since you have posted multiple questions and not specified which question needs to be solved,…

Q: One mole of diatomic ideal gas undergoes a reversible carnot cycle shown in the figure. Processes 1…

A: A Carnot cycle is a hypothetical thermodynamic cycle that contains four steps. Isothermal…

Q: In this cycle the system, which is an ideal monatomic gas, undergoes first isothermal (i) then…

A: Given: For monoatomic gas, Process i) = isothermal compression Process ii) = adiabatic compression…

Q: Consider a heat engine with a cycle described by the figure, with the volume and pressure at points…

A: First calculate the area of the triangle ABE,

Q: 1.50 mol of an ideal gas with a constant ratio of heat capacities at constant pressure and volume y…

Q: A simple ideal Brayton cycle with air as the working fluid has a pressure ratio of 10. The air…

A: Given: pressure ratio = 10 compressor= 520 R Turbine = 2000 R Now, (a) the air temperature at…

Q: A Carnot cycle uses 1.00 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas as a working substance. From an initial state…

A: Using the given information, a Carnot cycle of 1 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas as given below.…

Q: a reversible cycle through which 1.00 mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken. Process bc is an…

Q: The figure shows a reversible cycle through which 1.09 mol of a monatomic ideal gas is taken. Assume…

Q: A certain gasoline engine is modeled as a monatomic ideal gas undergoing an Otto cycle, represented…

A: a) For adiabatic process. WD = P1 V1 - P2V2r-1for adiabatic process P2P1= v1v2r…

Q: During the compression stroke of a certain gasoline engine, the pressure increases from 1.00 atm to…

A: n = 0.016 molInitial Presure, P1 = 1.013 × 105 PaFinal Presure, P2 = 20.26 × 105 PaInitial…

Q: An ideal gas (y = 1.4) follows the cycle given by the table below. State P (atm)| V (L) 100 1 1.0…

A: a) Draw the pressure-volume diagram of the cycle.

Q: To understand the mathematical expression for a thermodynamic cycle you must calculate the index of…

A: Polytropic process is one of the thermodynamic process which obeys the rule PVn=C. where…

Q: image464

A: Question no. 10 Heat Absorbed from hot reservoir Q1 = 1.71 kJ Heat supplied to cold reservoir Q2 =…

Q: Repeat the preceding calculations for an ideal diatomic gas expanding adiabatically from an initial…

A: Draw the schematic graph of pressure verse volume:

Question

The efficiency of a Carnot's cycle is 1/5. If on reducing the temperature of the cold body
by 55°C, then the efficiency becomes 1/3, calculate the initial and final temperatures
between which the cycle is working.
(a) 412°C, 330°c
(b) 139°C, 57.0°C
(c) 110°C, 45.0°C
(d) 190°C, 45.0°

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Given and Required Quantities

VIEW

Equations for efficiency

VIEW

Temperatures of the hot and the cold body of the carnot cycle

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps with 3 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

At point A in a Carnot cycle, 2.34 mol of a monatomic ideal gas has a pressure of 1 4000 kPa, a volume of 10.0 L, and a temperature of 720 K. The gas expands isothermally to point B and then expands adiabatically to point C, where its volume is 24.0 L. An isothermal compression brings it to point D, where its volume is 15.0 L. An adiabatic process returns the gas to point A. (a) Determine all the unknown pressures, volumes, and temperatures as you f ill in the following table: (b) Find the energy added by heat, the work done by the engine, and the change in internal energy for each of the steps A B, B C, C D, and D A (c) Calculate the efficiency Wnet/|Qk|. (d) Show that the efficiency is equal to 1 - TC/TA, the Carnot efficiency.
A copper rod of cross-sectional area 5.0 cm2 and length 5.0 m conducts heat from a heat reservoir at 373 K to one at 273 K. What is the time rate of change of the universe's entropy for this process?
An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle known as the air-standard diesel cycle shown in Figure P18.48. Fuel is sprayed into the cylinder at the point of maximum compression, B. Combustion occurs during the expansion B C, which is modeled as an isobaric process. Show that the efficiency of an engine operating in this idealized diesel cycle is e=11(TDTATCTB) Figure P18.48.
A Carnot engine employs 1.5 mol of nitrogen gas as a working substance, which is considered as an ideal diatomic gas with =7.5 at the working temperatures of the engine. The Carnot cycle goes in the cycle ABCDA with AB being an isothermal expansion. The volume at points A and C of the cycle are 5.0103 m3 and 0.15 L, respectively. The engine operates between two thermal baths of temperature 500 K 300 K. (a) Find the values of volume at B and D. (b) How much heat is absorbed by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (c) How much work is done by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (d) How much heat is given up by the gas in the CD isothermal expansion? (e) How much work is done by the gas in the CD isothermal compression? (f) How much work is done by the gas in the BC adiabatic expansion? (g) How much work is done by the gas in the DA adiabatic compression? (h) Find the value of efficiency of the engine based on the net and heat input. Compare this value to the efficiency of a Carnot engine based on the temperatures of the baths.
Is it possible for a system to have an entropy change if it neither absorbs nor emits heat during a reversible? transition? What happens it the process is irreversible?
A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency drops to 0.55. If initially Tc=27, determine (a) the constant value of Th and (b) the final value of Tc.
Does the entropy increase for a Carnot engine for each cycle?
The energy output of a heat pump is greater than the energy used to operate the pump. Why doesn't this statement violate the first law of thermodynamics?
The figure shows a reversible cycle through which 1.00 mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken. Process bc is an adiabatic expansion, with pb = 5.80 atm and Vb = 1.00 x 10-3 m3. For the cycle, find (a) the energy added to the gas as heat, (b) the energy leaving the gas as heat, (c) the net work done by the gas, and (d) the efficiency of the cycle.
The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is 1/5. If on reducing the temperature of the cold bodyby 55°C, then the efficiency becomes 1/3, calculate the initial and final temperaturesbetween which the cycle is working. (a) 412°C, 330°C(b) 139°C, 57.0°C(C) 110°C, 450°C(d) 190°C, 45.0
Consider a monatomic ideal gas operating through the Carnot cycle. The initial volume of the gas is V1 = 130 × 10-3 m3. What types of processes are going on for each step in this process? During the isothermal compression step, the volume of gas is reduced by a factor of 4. In the adiabatic heating step, the temperature of the gas is doubled. What is the volume at point 3, in cubic meters?
A four-cylinder spark-ignition engine has a compression ratio of 10.5, and each cylinder has a maximum volume of 0.4 L. At the beginning of the compression process, the air is at 98 kPa and 37C, and the maximum temperature in the cycle is 2100 K. Assuming the engine to operate on the ideal Otto cycle, determine (a) the amount of heat supplied per cylinder, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the number of revolutions per minute required for a net power output of 45 kW. Assume variable specific heats for air.