The following data represent a sample of people's smoking habits and their usage of seat belts while in a car. A researcher wants to determine whether smoking habits and seat belt usage are related. Test the researcher's claim at the α=0.05 level of significance.   No Seat Belt Seat Belt Smoke 67 448 Do not Smoke 327 2,187 *Source: Harris Poll Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. H0:Smoking habits and seat belt usage are independent. Ha: Smoking habits and seat belt usage are dependent. H0: Smoking habits and seat belt usage have the same distribution. Ha: Smoking habits and seat belt usage follow a different distribution. Determine the test Statistic. Round to two decimal places. χ2 =  Determine the pp-value. Round to four decimal places. p-value =

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012
1st Edition
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability
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The following data represent a sample of people's smoking habits and their usage of seat belts while in a car. A researcher wants to determine whether smoking habits and seat belt usage are related. Test the researcher's claim at the α=0.05 level of significance.

  No Seat Belt Seat Belt
Smoke 67 448
Do not Smoke 327 2,187

*Source: Harris Poll

  1. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses.
    • H0:Smoking habits and seat belt usage are independent.
      Ha: Smoking habits and seat belt usage are dependent.
    • H0: Smoking habits and seat belt usage have the same distribution.
      Ha: Smoking habits and seat belt usage follow a different distribution.




  2. Determine the test Statistic. Round to two decimal places.
    χ2 = 

  3. Determine the pp-value. Round to four decimal places.
    p-value = 

  4. Make a decision.
    • Reject the null hypothesis.
    • Fail to reject the null hypothesis.


  5. Make a conclusion.
    • There is not sufficient evidence to support the claim that smoking habits and seat belt usage are related.
    • There is sufficient evidence to support the claim that smoking habits and seat belt usage are related.
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